Eritrea

22 July 2022 | Judicial Body: UN Committee Against Torture (CAT) | Legal Instrument: 1984 Convention against Torture (CAT) | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Credibility assessment - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription | Countries: Eritrea - Switzerland

1. The Court of Justice of the European Union has jurisdiction, on the basis of Article 267 TFEU, to interpret Article 11(2) of Council Directive 2003/86/EC of 22 September 2003 on the right to family reunification in a situation such as that at issue in the main proceedings, where a national court is called upon to rule on an application for family reunification lodged by a beneficiary of subsidiary protection, if that provision was made directly and unconditionally applicable to such a situation under national law. 2. Article 11(2) of Directive 2003/86 must be interpreted as precluding, in circumstances such as those at issue in the main proceedings, in which an application for family reunification has been lodged by a sponsor benefiting from subsidiary protection in favour of a minor of whom she is the aunt and allegedly the guardian, and who resides as a refugee and without family ties in a third country, that application from being rejected solely on the ground that the sponsor has not provided official documentary evidence of the death of the minor’s biological parents and, consequently, that she has an actual family relationship with him, and that the explanation given by the sponsor to justify her inability to provide such evidence has been deemed implausible by the competent authorities solely on the basis of the general information available concerning the situation in the country of origin, without taking into consideration the specific circumstances of the sponsor and the minor and the particular difficulties they have encountered, according to their testimony, before and after fleeing their country of origin.

13 March 2019 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - Country of origin information (COI) - Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) - Family reunification | Countries: Eritrea - Netherlands

7 October 2016 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) | Legal Instrument: 1950 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) | Topic(s): Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements - Country of origin information (COI) - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription | Countries: Eritrea - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

19 June 2014 | Judicial Body: United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Freedom of expression - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion | Countries: Eritrea - United States of America

26 November 2008 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Court of Session (Scotland) | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - Country of origin information (COI) - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion - Returnees - Women-at-risk | Countries: Eritrea - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

30 October 2006 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Asylum and Immigration Tribunal / Immigration Appellate Authority | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Credibility assessment - Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Muslim - Persecution based on political opinion - Women-at-risk | Countries: Eritrea - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

25 May 2006 | Judicial Body: New Zealand: Refugee Status Appeals Authority | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion | Countries: Eritrea - New Zealand

25 November 2005 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Asylum and Immigration Tribunal / Immigration Appellate Authority | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Credibility assessment - Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion | Countries: Eritrea - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

24 May 2005 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Asylum and Immigration Tribunal / Immigration Appellate Authority | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Involuntary repatriation - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion | Countries: Eritrea - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

8 December 2004 | Judicial Body: Australia: Federal Court | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Pentecostal - Persecution based on political opinion - Religious persecution (including forced conversion) - Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) - Sur place persecution - Women-at-risk | Countries: Australia - Eritrea