Iraq

In it’s judgement E 2372/2021 issued 7 October 2021, the Constitutional Court ruled that due to “UNHCR International Protection Considerations with Regard to People Fleeing the Republic of Iraq” from May 2019, Sunni Arab men and boys of fighting age, who lived in an area under ISIS control and/or where ISIS maintains a presence and women and children associated with real or perceived ISIS members on account of their family or tribal relations meet a specific risk profile as they are under general suspicion of supporting ISIS. Therefore, people fulfilling these characteristics are likely in need of international refugee protection, depending on the individual circumstances of the case. Referring to the UNHCR International Protection Considerations as well as the “EASO Country Guidance: Iraq” from January 2021 the Constitutional Court ruled that the Federal Administrative Court must duly take into consideration the individual situation of the complainant against the backdrop of the specific risk profile in case the complainant has put forward fear of persecution because of the affiliation to the risk profile in a substantiated way. In the present case the Federal Administrative Court assumed that the alleged threat by Shiite militias was due to the battles between ISIS, militias and Iraqi units at that time and has not been directed against the complainant or his family directly. It denied an individual persecution without considering that the complainant – a Sunni Arab of fighting age, who lived in an area under ISIS control – was meeting a specific risk profile. The Federal Administrative Court’s findings were thus found to be arbitrary by the Constitutional Court.

27 January 2022 | Judicial Body: Austria: Constitutional Court of Austria (Verfassungsgerichtshof) | Topic(s): Armed forces / Military - Asylum-seekers - International armed conflict - Social group persecution | Countries: Austria - Iraq

Application for judicial review.

21 October 2009 | Judicial Body: Ireland: High Court | Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Non-refoulement - Reception - Safe third country - Single procedure | Countries: Eritrea

Applications for judicial review.

8 May 2009 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: High Court (England and Wales) | Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Criminal justice - Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) - Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness - Unaccompanied / Separated children | Countries: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Application for judicial review.

9 March 2009 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: High Court (England and Wales) | Topic(s): Asylum policy - Asylum-seekers - Residence permits / Residency - Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness - Unlawful departure | Countries: Iraq - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Application for judicial review.

28 November 2008 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: High Court (England and Wales) | Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) - Housing, land and property rights (HLP) - Reception - Unaccompanied / Separated children | Countries: Iraq - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Application for judicial review.

28 November 2008 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: High Court (England and Wales) | Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) - Housing, land and property rights (HLP) - Reception - Unaccompanied / Separated children | Countries: Iraq - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Application for judicial review of the Secretary of State's decision to order detention pending removal.

7 September 2007 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: High Court (England and Wales) | Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Criminal justice - Deportation / Forcible return - Immigration Detention - Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Voluntary repatriation | Countries: Iraq - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

31 October 2002 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: House of Lords (Judicial Committee) | Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Immigration Detention - Kurd - Persecution based on political opinion - Right to liberty and security | Countries: Iraq - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland