The Court, based in Strasbourg, was set up as a result of the European Convention on Human Rights, created in 1950. This set out a catalogue of civil and political rights and freedoms. It allows people to lodge complaints against States which have signed up to the Convention for alleged violations of those rights. Although founded in 1950, the Court did not actually come into existence until 1959. It gained its present form as a single European Court of Human Rights when Protocol No. 11 to the ECHR took effect in 1998.
The Court is currently made up of 47 judges, one in principle for every State signed up to the Convention. They are elected by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and serve for six years. Judges sit on the Court as individuals and do not represent their country.
Website: www.echr.coe.int/Pages/home.aspx?p=home
Article 4 of Protocol No. 4 Prohibition of collective expulsion of aliens - Collective expulsion of Georgian nationals by Russian authorities from October 2006 to January 2007: administrative practice in breach
While every State had the right to establish its own immigration policy, problems with managing migration flows could not justify practices incompatible with the State’s obligations under the Convention.
The expulsions of Georgian nationals during the period in question had not been carried out following, and on the basis of, a reasonable and objective examination of the particular case of each individual. This amounted to an administrative practice in breach of Article 4 of Protocol No. 4.
Article 33 - Inter-State application - Collective expulsion of Georgian nationals by Russian authorities from October 2006 to January 2007
Several other violations found