Last Updated: Tuesday, 23 May 2023, 12:44 GMT

European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union

To ensure that the law is enforced, understood and uniformly applied in all Member States, a judicial institution is essential. That institution is the Court of Justice of the European Communities. It is composed of three courts: the Court of Justice (created in 1952), the Court of First Instance (created in 1988) and the Civil Service Tribunal (created in 2004). The Court of Justice of the European Communities, together with the national courts, thus constitutes the European Community’s judiciary. The Court’s main task is to interpret Community law uniformly and to rule on its validity. It answers questions referred to it by the national courts, which play a vital role, as they apply Community law at local level. The judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Communities — together with the treaties, regulations, directives and decisions — make up Community law.  Website: curia.europa.eu/en/
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OPINION OF ADVOCATE GENERAL RICHARD DE LA TOUR in Case C‑621/21 (Request for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad (Administrative Court, Sofia, Bulgaria))

20 April 2023 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Legal Instrument: 2011 Recast Qualification Directive (EU) | Topic(s): Domestic violence - Forced marriage - Non-state agents of persecution - Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) - Social group persecution - Women-at-risk | Countries: Bulgaria - Türkiye

Serin Alheto v Zamestnik-predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite (C‑585/16), request for preliminary ruling (Grand Chamber judgment)

This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 12(1) of Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted (OJ 2011 L 337, p. 9), and Article 35 and Article 46(3) of Directive 2013/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection (OJ 2013 L 180, p. 60).

25 July 2018 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Legal Instrument: 2011 Recast Qualification Directive (EU) | Topic(s): EU Qualification Directive - Effective remedy - Exclusion clauses - Palestinian | Countries: Bulgaria - Palestine, State of

Majid Shiri

25 October 2017 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Legal Instrument: 2013 Dublin III Regulation (EU) | Topic(s): Burden-sharing and international co-operation - Deportation / Forcible return - Effective remedy - Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures | Countries: Austria - Bulgaria - Iran, Islamic Republic of

Mahdi c. Administrativen sad Sofia-grad

5 June 2014 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Deportation / Forcible return - Residence permits / Residency - Travel documents | Countries: Bulgaria - Sudan

Zuheyr Frayeh Halaf v. Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite pri Ministerskia savet

30 May 2013 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Access to procedures - Asylum policy - EU Qualification Directive - Effective remedy - Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness | Countries: Bulgaria

Zuheyr Freyeh Halaf v Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite pri Ministerski savet (Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen Sad Sofia (Bulgaria))

18 October 2011 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Countries: Bulgaria

Saïd Shamilovich Kadzoev v. Direktsia ‘Migratsia' pri Ministerstvo na vatreshnite raboti

Reference for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen Sad Sofia-grad, Bulgaria lodged on 7 September 2009.

30 November 2009 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Deportation / Forcible return - Illegal entry - Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants - Immigration Detention - Right to liberty and security | Countries: Bulgaria - Russian Federation

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