UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees was established on December 14, 1950, by the United Nations General Assembly. The agency is mandated to lead and co-ordinate international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide. Its primary purpose is to safeguard the rights and well-being of refugees. It strives to ensure that everyone can exercise the right to seek asylum and find safe refuge in another State, with the option to return home voluntarily, integrate locally or to resettle in a third country.
In more than five decades, the agency has helped an estimated 50 million people restart their lives. UNHCR now has more than 16,803 personnel and work in a total of 134 countries to help 70.8 million persons.
Website: www.unhcr.org- Annual Reports 541
- Bilateral Treaties/Agreements 4
- Case Law Compilations/Analyses 19
- Chronologies of Events 88
- Commentaries 339
- Comments on National Legislation 302
- Compilations 139
- Concluding Observations 3
- Conclusions on International Protection 5
- Conference Reports 103
- Country Briefing Folders 15
- Country News 1,850
- Country Operations Plans 456
- Country Profiles 30
- Country Reports 586
- Country/Situation Specific Position Papers 288
- Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae 250
- Decisions 2
- General Comments/Recommendations 57
- Handbooks/Manuals 260
- International Legal Instruments 5
- Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries 387
- Legislative History / Travaux Préparatoires 16
- Maps 2,184
- Memoranda 4
- Memoranda of Understanding 52
- Mission Reports 3
- Multilateral Treaties/Agreements 119
- National Legislation 2
- National Legislation Compilations/Analyses 2
- Notes on International Protection 114
- Operational Guidelines 17
- Policy/Position Papers 210
- Query Responses 2
- Regional Reports 87
- Research, Background and Discussion Papers 569
- Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations 26
- Sessional Reports 251
- Speeches/Statements 285
- Statistics 4
- Thematic Guidelines 119
- Thematic Reports 349
- Training Manuals 66
- UNHCR Country Updates 931
- Afghanistan 477
- Albania 32
- Algeria 61
- Andorra 2
- Angola 66
- Anguilla 4
- Antigua and Barbuda 10
- Argentina 47
- Armenia 50
- Aruba 4
- Australia 83
- Austria 163
- Azerbaijan 29
- Bahamas 23
- Bahrain 21
- Bangladesh 107
- Barbados 20
- Belarus 35
- Belgium 56
- Belize 22
- Benin 34
- Bermuda 6
- Bhutan 11
- Bolivia 19
- Bosnia and Herzegovina 62
- Botswana 13
- Brazil 42
- British Virgin Islands 8
- Brunei Darussalam 17
- Bulgaria 73
- Burkina Faso 81
- Burundi 214
- Cambodia 21
- Cameroon 141
- Canada 70
- Cape Verde 5
- Cayman Islands 6
- Central African Republic 289
- Chad 192
- Chile 33
- China 25
- Colombia 116
- Comoros 8
- Congo, Democratic Republic of the 388
- Congo, Republic of the 87
- Cook Islands 1
- Costa Rica 48
- Côte d'Ivoire 158
- Croatia 97
- Cuba 17
- Cyprus 13
- Czech Republic 36
- Denmark 58
- Djibouti 117
- Dominica 10
- Dominican Republic 23
- Ecuador 57
- Egypt 132
- El Salvador 48
- Equatorial Guinea 5
- Eritrea 153
- Estonia 31
- Eswatini 26
- Ethiopia 393
- Falkland Islands 1
- Fiji 4
- Finland 46
- France 74
- French Guiana 4
- Gabon 14
- Gambia 37
- Georgia 46
- Germany 65
- Ghana 49
- Greece 254
- Grenada 10
- Guadeloupe 6
- Guatemala 47
- Guinea 56
- Guinea-Bissau 22
- Guyana 13
- Haiti 33
- Honduras 43
- Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China) 3
- Hungary 118
- Iceland 19
- India 28
- Indonesia 46
- Iran, Islamic Republic of 159
- Iraq 682
- Ireland 39
- Israel 25
- Italy 119
- Jamaica 12
- Japan 39
- Jordan 218
- Kazakhstan 35
- Kenya 252
- Kiribati 10
- Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 4
- Korea, Republic of 29
- Kuwait 22
- Kyrgyzstan 55
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 9
- Latvia 21
- Lebanon 455
- Lesotho 11
- Liberia 114
- Libya 196
- Liechtenstein 8
- Lithuania 34
- Luxembourg 18
- Macau (Special Administrative Region of China) 1
- Madagascar 22
- Malawi 35
- Malaysia 58
- Maldives 3
- Mali 149
- Malta 28
- Marshall Islands 1
- Martinique 5
- Mauritania 108
- Mauritius 4
- Mexico 68
- Micronesia, Federated States of 2
- Moldova, Republic of 33
- Monaco 2
- Mongolia 5
- Montenegro 50
- Montserrat 2
- Morocco 47
- Mozambique 33
- Myanmar 173
- Namibia 24
- Nauru 16
- Nepal 44
- Netherlands 58
- Netherlands Antilles 4
- New Zealand 17
- Nicaragua 23
- Niger 139
- Nigeria 188
- North Macedonia 84
- Norway 43
- Oman 15
- Pakistan 145
- Palau 3
- Palestine, State of 29
- Panama 42
- Papua New Guinea 29
- Paraguay 18
- Peru 21
- Philippines 56
- Poland 50
- Portugal 23
- Puerto Rico 3
- Qatar 17
- Romania 53
- Russian Federation 68
- Rwanda 142
- Saint Kitts and Nevis 10
- Saint Lucia 10
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8
- Samoa 3
- San Marino 2
- Sao Tome and Principe 3
- Saudi Arabia 23
- Senegal 39
- Serbia 148
- Seychelles 4
- Sierra Leone 54
- Singapore 2
- Slovakia 42
- Slovenia 50
- Solomon Islands 4
- Somalia 550
- South Africa 56
- South Sudan 587
- Spain 44
- Sri Lanka 62
- Sudan 345
- Suriname 11
- Sweden 79
- Switzerland 83
- Syrian Arab Republic 1,168
- Tajikistan 39
- Tanzania, United Republic of 145
- Thailand 94
- Timor-Leste (East Timor) 14
- Togo 50
- Tonga 2
- Trinidad and Tobago 8
- Tunisia 68
- Türkiye 302
- Turkmenistan 33
- Turks and Caicos Islands 5
- Tuvalu 2
- U.S. Virgin Islands 4
- Uganda 326
- Ukraine 289
- United Arab Emirates 19
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 121
- United States of America 131
- Uruguay 31
- Uzbekistan 28
- Vanuatu 2
- Venezuela 34
- Viet Nam 22
- Western Sahara Territory 16
- Yemen 326
- Zambia 65
- Zimbabwe 33
- 1951 Refugee Convention 206
- 1969 OAU Convention 16
- 1984 Cartagena Declaration 6
- Abduction 21
- Access to procedures 147
- Access to water 61
- Accession 6
- Acholi 1
- Administrative courts 4
- Administrative law 6
- Admission quotas 1
- Adoption 2
- Afars 4
- Africans 4
- Afro-Colombians 2
- Age discrimination 10
- Agents of persecution 2
- Ahmadis 4
- Airports 4
- Albanians 1
- Albinism/Persons with Albinism 14
- Aliens 7
- Anti-terrorism law 2
- Appeal / Right to appeal 10
- Arabs 1
- Arbitrary arrest and detention 117
- Armed attacks on camps 19
- Armed forces / Military 28
- Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 73
- Armenian 6
- Arrival 44
- Article 1D 3
- Article 31 1
- Ashkaelian 2
- Asylum policy 204
- Asylum-migration nexus 198
- Asylum-seekers 1,411
- Atheist / Agnostic 1
- Azeri 1
- Baha'i 3
- Bantu 1
- Bengalis 1
- Berber 4
- Bihari 1
- Blood feuds 3
- Border conflict 26
- Border controls 79
- Border crossers 117
- Buddhist 2
- Burakumin 1
- Burden of proof 16
- Burden-sharing and international co-operation 153
- COVID-19 14
- Camp management 25
- Cancellation 5
- Capacity building of state institutions 74
- Carrier sanctions 1
- Ceasefire 10
- Cessation clauses 68
- Changes of circumstances in home country 12
- Chechen 6
- Child labour 12
- Child prostitution 7
- Child soldiers 42
- Children's rights 243
- Children-at-risk 385
- Chinese 1
- Christian 23
- Citizenship / Nationality law 128
- Civil and political rights 8
- Civil rights legislation 1
- Civil war 26
- Civilian character of asylum 17
- Climate change (including environmental migrants) 71
- Combatants / Former combatants 10
- Communal conflict / Social conflict 33
- Community development 32
- Complementary forms of protection 78
- Complementary pathways 13
- Confidentiality 3
- Conflict prevention 6
- Conflict resolution 48
- Conflict situation 166
- Constitutional law 1
- Contemporary forms of slavery 4
- Convention Plus 41
- Convention against Torture (CAT) 3
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 5
- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CPRD) 1
- Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 11
- Convention refugee 3
- Corruption 10
- Country of origin information (COI) 33
- Credibility assessment 20
- Crime prevention 2
- Crimean Tatars 2
- Crimes against humanity 29
- Crimes against peace 1
- Criminal justice 26
- Croats 1
- Customary law 1
- Czechs 2
- Darfuri 1
- Death Certificates 1
- Death in custody 1
- Death penalty 4
- Decent Work 1
- Decent Work 3
- Decision on admissibility 4
- Demobilization / Disarmament 3
- Democracy 4
- Denial of nationality 11
- Denial of refugee status 9
- Deportation / Forcible return 106
- Diplomatic assurances 2
- Disappeared persons 8
- Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 41
- Domestic violence 32
- Drug trafficking 3
- EU Qualification Directive 56
- Economic, social and cultural rights 37
- Effective protection 46
- Effective remedy 27
- Egyptians 3
- Election law 1
- Elections 18
- Emergency legislation 1
- Entry / Exit 25
- Equal opportunities 7
- Equality before the law 10
- Eritreans 14
- Ethiopians 11
- Ethnic cleansing 1
- Evacuation 10
- Evangelical 5
- Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 16
- Exclusion clauses 67
- Exiles 15
- Expedited procedures 12
- Expulsion 25
- Extended definition 15
- Extradition 25
- Extrajudicial executions 9
- Extreme poverty 11
- False documents 1
- Family law 2
- Family reunification 124
- Female genital mutilation (FGM) 26
- Flight by land, air or sea 55
- Forced labour 4
- Forced marriage 11
- Forced relocation 6
- Foreign occupation 3
- Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 34
- Freedom of assembly and association 11
- Freedom of conscience 2
- Freedom of expression 23
- Freedom of information 12
- Freedom of movement 120
- Freedom of religion 17
- Freedom of speech 9
- Fulani 1
- Gang related violence 27
- Gender discrimination 80
- Gender mainstreaming 40
- Gender-based persecution 96
- Generalized violence 10
- Genocide 2
- Gio 1
- Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) 1
- Global Compact on Refugees (GCR) 2
- Global Consultations on international protection 101
- Good governance 7
- Good offices 2
- Gross, systematic and large-scale 1
- Grounds for persecution 6
- Group / Prima facie determination 7
- HIV and AIDS 65
- Habitual residence 7
- Haitians 2
- Harmful traditional practices 23
- Hazara 6
- High Commissioner's Dialogue on Protection Challenges 36
- High Commissioner's Forum 33
- Hindu 7
- Hmong 2
- Honour killings 2
- Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 54
- Human Rights Council 83
- Human rights activists 20
- Human rights and fundamental freedoms 86
- Human rights law 37
- Human rights monitors 35
- Humanitarian assistance 1,417
- Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 6
- IDP camps 228
- Illegal entry 43
- Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 14
- Immigrants 12
- Immigration Detention 226
- Immigration control after entry 2
- Immigration law 48
- Immunity 1
- Impunity 3
- Inclusion clauses 5
- Income-generating projects 1
- Independence of judiciary 4
- Indigenous persons 18
- Integration 292
- Internal armed conflict 201
- Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 84
- Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 2,381
- International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED) 1
- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 1
- International Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers (ICRMW) 1
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 4
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 3
- International armed conflict 16
- International courts and tribunals 1
- International criminal law 8
- International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 18
- International protection 408
- Involuntary repatriation 9
- Jehovah's Witness 7
- Jew 1
- Jurisdiction 2
- Juvenile justice system 1
- Kachin 9
- Karen 5
- Kazakhs 1
- Koreans 1
- Kosovar 6
- Kuchi 2
- Kunama 4
- Kurd 10
- Labour law 4
- Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 12
- Law of the sea 6
- Laws relating to religion 8
- Legal representation / Legal aid 68
- Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 71
- Livelihoods 106
- Location of camps 404
- Malinke / Mandingo 2
- Mandate status 7
- Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 3
- Mass exodus 21
- Maternal and child health care 9
- Medical screening 2
- Memoranda of understanding (MOU) 3
- Mental harm 2
- Mental health 32
- Mentally disadvantaged persons 4
- Migrant rights 27
- Migrants 392
- Military operations 45
- Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 36
- Minorities 41
- Minority rights 7
- Mongols 1
- Montagnards 1
- Multiple nationality 4
- Muslim 48
- National security / Public order 25
- Naturalization 29
- Nomads 1
- Non-refoulement 250
- Non-self-governing territories 1
- Non-state agents of persecution 42
- Nuer 4
- Older persons 71
- One-child policy / Family planning 1
- Opposition 2
- Orderly return 20
- Oromo 1
- Palestinian 43
- Pashtun 2
- Passports 3
- Pastoralists 1
- Peace agreements 18
- Peace process 11
- Peacekeeping 15
- Pentecostal 4
- Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 4
- Persecution based on nationality 2
- Persecution based on political opinion 41
- Persecution of family members 17
- Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 56
- Persons not in need of international protection 69
- Persons of concern to UNHCR 344
- Persons with disabilities 87
- Piracy 2
- Police 13
- Political asylum 1
- Political groups 2
- Political parties 4
- Political situation 52
- Polygamy 1
- Population transfers 6
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 2
- Pre-entry procedures 5
- Pre-trial detention 10
- Prevention of discrimination 15
- Prison or detention conditions 95
- Proof of nationality 5
- Property restitution 12
- Prosecution vs persecution 3
- Prostitution / Commercial sex work 10
- Protection of camps 17
- Protection of civilian persons in time of war 74
- Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 2
- Public health 52
- Racial / Ethnic persecution 24
- Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 32
- Re-entry 1
- Readmission 3
- Reception 192
- Reconciliation 18
- Referendum 6
- Refoulement 67
- Refugee / Asylum law 371
- Refugee camps 627
- Refugee identity documents 31
- Refugee seamen 152
- Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 337
- Refugee travel documents / CTDs 9
- Refugees 4,500
- Refugees sur place 10
- Regional instruments 44
- Registration 93
- Reintegration 37
- Rejected asylum-seekers 20
- Rejection at border 21
- Religious discrimination 15
- Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 36
- Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 126
- Reservation 6
- Resettlement 406
- Residence permits / Residency 57
- Return conditions 170
- Returnees 492
- Right to a nationality 115
- Right to development 26
- Right to education 144
- Right to employment 51
- Right to family life 45
- Right to food 33
- Right to health 62
- Right to justice 7
- Right to liberty and security 13
- Right to life 4
- Right to registration at birth 105
- Right to return 12
- Right to seek asylum 78
- Right to self-determination 3
- Rights of non-citizens 19
- Rohingya (Arakanese) 81
- Roma 25
- Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 73
- Rwandans 2
- Sabean Mandean 2
- Safe country of origin 30
- Safe third country 83
- Saharawis 12
- Sale of children 2
- Sami 1
- Secondary movement 102
- Security forces 21
- Security situation 332
- Serb 4
- Serious non-political crime 7
- Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 250
- Sexual and reproductive rights 16
- Shabak 7
- Sharia law 6
- Shia 12
- Sikh 6
- Single heads of household 1
- Single procedure 26
- Sinhalese 3
- Smuggling of persons 87
- Social group discrimination 20
- Social group persecution 72
- Somalis 101
- Spontaneous return 16
- Standard of proof 9
- State of emergency 11
- State protection 23
- Statelessness 817
- Statelessness Determination Procedures 81
- Stowaways 10
- Sufi 2
- Sunni 5
- Sur place persecution 3
- Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 39
- Suspensive effect 2
- Tajik 2
- Tamil 7
- Temporary admission 11
- Temporary protection 32
- Territorial asylum 20
- Terrorism 58
- Threats / Intimidation 1
- Tibetan 1
- Torture 10
- Trafficking in persons 190
- Transgression of social / cultural norms 5
- Transit 17
- Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 6
- Travel documents 33
- Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 95
- Tuareg 3
- Turkmen 10
- UNHCR mandate 64
- UNRWA 3
- Ukrainians 42
- Unaccompanied / Separated children 278
- Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 412
- Urban refugees 99
- Uzbek 5
- Visas 14
- Voluntary repatriation 350
- War crimes 6
- Well-founded fear of persecution 17
- Withdrawal of nationality 6
- Women's rights 80
- Women-at-risk 218
- Work permits 9
- Yazīdī 17
- Zoroastrian 2
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