Syrian Arab Republic

Annual Reports 529
Case Law 151
Chronologies of Events 2
Commentaries 6
Comments on Concluding Observations 2
Compilations 6
Concluding Observations 14
Conference Reports 3
Country Briefing Folders 2
Country News 5,392
Country Operations Plans 4
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Country Reports 568
Country/Situation Specific Position Papers 23
Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae 8
Fact Finding Reports 5
General Comments/Recommendations 2
Handbooks/Manuals 1
Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries 7
Maps 750
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Mission Reports 1
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National Decrees, Circulars, Regulation, Policy Documents 5
National Legislation 10
Policy/Position Papers 2
Presidential Statements 29
Query Responses 329
Regional Reports 42
Research, Background and Discussion Papers 5
Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations 173
Sessional Reports 12
Speeches/Statements 60
States Parties Reports 14
Thematic Guidelines 1
Thematic Reports 55
UNHCR Country Updates 215

1951 Refugee Convention 4
Abduction 223
Abkhazians 2
Abuse of psychiatry 1
Access to procedures 17
Access to water 55
Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations 2
Administrative courts 1
Administrative law 1
Adoption 2
Afars 1
Africans 4
Agents of persecution 1
Ahmadis 6
Ahwazi 2
Airports 6
Alawi 40
Albanians 5
Albinism/Persons with Albinism 7
Aliens 2
Anglican 1
Anti-terrorism law 32
Appeal / Right to appeal 8
Arabs 19
Arbitrary arrest and detention 368
Armed attacks on camps 37
Armed forces / Military 581
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 839
Armenian 20
Arrival 19
Article 1D 1
Article 1D 1
Assyrians 16
Asylum policy 13
Asylum-migration nexus 28
Asylum-seekers 219
Atheist / Agnostic 1
Baluchis 1
Baptist 5
Bedoon 6
Border conflict 116
Border controls 48
Border crossers 73
Buddhist 20
Burden of proof 4
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 48
Camp management 14
Capacity building of state institutions 2
Catholic 20
Ceasefire 281
Chaldean 6
Changes of circumstances in home country 1
Chechen 44
Child labour 21
Child prostitution 12
Child soldiers 48
Children's rights 202
Children-at-risk 258
Chinese 1
Christian 157
Circassians 22
Citizenship / Nationality law 12
Civil and political rights 25
Civil war 699
Civilian character of asylum 2
Climate change (including environmental migrants) 7
Combatants / Former combatants 7
Communal conflict / Social conflict 60
Community development 3
Complementary forms of protection 5
Conflict prevention 22
Conflict resolution 106
Conflict situation 294
Constitutional law 2
Contemporary forms of slavery 12
Convention against Torture (CAT) 5
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 5
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 5
Convention refugee 2
Copts 10
Corruption 66
Country of origin information (COI) 22
Coup d'état 24
Credibility assessment 4
Crimean Tatars 2
Crimes against humanity 89
Crimes against peace 1
Criminal justice 69
Dalit 1
Death in custody 33
Death penalty 121
Decision on admissibility 6
Demobilization / Disarmament 48
Democracy 24
Denial of refugee status 7
Deportation / Forcible return 101
Diplomatic assurances 1
Disappeared persons 174
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 85
Domestic violence 28
Drug trafficking 5
Druze 32
EU Qualification Directive 4
Economic, social and cultural rights 48
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Election law 2
Elections 268
Embargo 8
Emigrants 5
Entry / Exit 18
Equal opportunities 2
Equality before the law 4
Eritreans 1
Ethiopians 4
Ethnic cleansing 2
Evacuation 65
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 6
Exclusion clauses 17
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 1
Exiles 7
Expedited procedures 1
Expulsion 20
Extradition 7
Extrajudicial executions 175
Extreme poverty 13
False documents 6
Falun Gong 2
Family law 2
Family reunification 37
Female genital mutilation (FGM) 15
Flight by land, air or sea 35
Forced labour 32
Forced marriage 37
Forced relocation 9
Foreign occupation 77
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 279
Freedom of assembly and association 262
Freedom of conscience 16
Freedom of expression 866
Freedom of information 625
Freedom of movement 108
Freedom of religion 131
Freedom of speech 367
Fulani 9
Gang related violence 5
Gender discrimination 72
Gender mainstreaming 2
Gender-based persecution 36
Generalized violence 12
Genocide 12
Global Consultations on international protection 1
Good governance 132
Good offices 4
Gross, systematic and large-scale 9
Group / Prima facie determination 2
HIV and AIDS 10
Habeas corpus 1
Habitual residence 1
Han 3
Harmful traditional practices 6
Hazara 1
Hindu 13
Hmong 1
Honour killings 26
Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 38
Human Rights Council 68
Human rights activists 286
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 280
Human rights courts 1
Human rights law 8
Human rights monitors 82
Humanitarian assistance 1,163
Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 3
Hungarians 1
IDP camps 31
Illegal entry 4
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 12
Immigrants 8
Immigration Detention 31
Immigration control after entry 1
Immigration law 9
Impunity 90
Independence of judiciary 20
Indigenous persons 7
Integration 41
Internal armed conflict 952
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 2
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 641
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED) 1
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 1
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 1
International armed conflict 51
International courts and tribunals 43
International criminal law 16
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 134
International protection 17
Involuntary repatriation 1
Iranians 1
Ismaili 10
Jehovah's Witness 17
Jew 16
Jurisdiction 4
Kachin 6
Kosovar 4
Kurd 345
Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 33
Law of the sea 1
Legal representation / Legal aid 14
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 101
Livelihoods 62
Location of camps 49
Mandate status 3
Maronite 10
Mass exodus 4
Maternal and child health care 24
Mennonite 5
Mental harm 1
Mental health 10
Mentally disadvantaged persons 4
Mercenaries 7
Migrant rights 12
Migrants 260
Military courts 19
Military law 3
Military operations 600
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 83
Minorities 65
Minority rights 22
Mormon 5
Multiple nationality 8
Muslim 197
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Naturalization 3
Nepalis 1
Nomads 2
Non-refoulement 22
Non-state agents of persecution 72
Nuer 2
Older persons 10
One-child policy / Family planning 4
Opposition 426
Orthodox Christian 19
Ossetians (South) 1
Palestinian 285
Passports 31
Peace agreements 129
Peace process 226
Peacekeeping 190
Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 45
Persecution based on nationality 2
Persecution based on political opinion 200
Persecution of family members 5
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 67
Persons not in need of international protection 2
Persons of concern to UNHCR 11
Persons with disabilities 55
Physical harm 1
Piracy 1
Police 118
Political groups 33
Political parties 157
Political situation 638
Polygamy 5
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 1
Pre-entry procedures 1
Pre-trial detention 16
Prevention of discrimination 1
Prison or detention conditions 111
Prisoners of war 3
Proof of nationality 1
Property restitution 5
Prosecution vs persecution 3
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 14
Protection of camps 2
Protection of civilian persons in time of war 609
Protestant 7
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 188
Public health 65
Racial / Ethnic persecution 27
Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 9
Re-entry 2
Readmission 1
Reception 61
Reconciliation 13
Referendum 34
Refoulement 21
Refugee / Asylum law 16
Refugee camps 250
Refugee identity documents 12
Refugee seamen 35
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 19
Refugee travel documents / CTDs 4
Refugees 1,824
Regional instruments 10
Registration 56
Reintegration 5
Rejected asylum-seekers 21
Rejection at border 28
Religious discrimination 91
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 104
Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 20
Resettlement 91
Residence permits / Residency 24
Return conditions 22
Returnees 37
Right to a nationality 13
Right to development 2
Right to education 137
Right to employment 29
Right to family life 15
Right to food 90
Right to health 84
Right to justice 32
Right to leave 8
Right to liberty and security 19
Right to life 15
Right to registration at birth 15
Right to return 4
Right to seek asylum 28
Right to self-determination 20
Rights of non-citizens 8
Rohingya (Arakanese) 16
Roma 10
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 123
Sabean Mandean 2
Safe country of origin 16
Safe third country 11
Saharawis 1
Salafi 28
Sale of children 2
Sanctions 49
Secondary movement 26
Security forces 334
Security situation 1,072
Serb 1
Serious non-political crime 2
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 160
Sexual and reproductive rights 9
Shabak 2
Shan 2
Sharia law 6
Shia 127
Sindhis 1
Single heads of household 1
Small arms 8
Smuggling of persons 26
Social group discrimination 22
Social group persecution 7
Somalis 2
Spontaneous return 1
State of emergency 48
State protection 21
Statelessness 72
Statelessness Determination Procedures 3
Sufi 4
Sunni 103
Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 19
Suspensive effect 1
Tajik 3
Tamil 13
Tatars 2
Temporary admission 1
Temporary protection 11
Terrorism 821
Threats / Intimidation 11
Tibetan 23
Tiv 2
Torture 95
Trafficking in persons 78
Transgression of social / cultural norms 4
Transit 8
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 15
Travel documents 9
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 3
Tuareg 8
Turkmen 13
UNHCR mandate 4
UNRWA 4
Uighur 57
Unaccompanied / Separated children 46
Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 14
Unlawful departure 7
Urban refugees 21
Uzbek 1
Visas 50
Voluntary repatriation 25
War crimes 191
Well-founded fear of persecution 3
Widowed persons 3
Witchcraft 3
Withdrawal of nationality 1
Women's rights 141
Women-at-risk 120
Work permits 13
Yazīdī 48

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L.G. tegen Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid, verzoek om prejudiciele beslissing, C‑745/21 16 February 2023 \| Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union \| Document type: Case Law \| Legal Instrument: 2013 Dublin III Regulation (EU) \| Topic(s): Children's rights \| Countries: Lithuania - Netherlands - Syrian Arab Republic
CASE OF M.T. AND OTHERS v. SWEDEN (Application no. 22105/18) 1. The application concerns the Swedish authorities’ refusal to grant residence permits to a mother and her son, who were in Syria, on the basis of their family ties with another son/brother who had been granted subsidiary protection in Sweden. The applicants complained that the Law on temporary restrictions on the possibility of being granted a residence permit in Sweden (which had entered into force on 20 July 2016 and had remained in force until 19 July 2019) had suspended their right to family reunification in breach of Article 8 of the Convention, and that the difference in treatment, with regard to family reunification, of persons granted refugee status and of persons (such as the second applicant) who had been granted subsidiary protection status, had constituted discrimination contrary to Article 14 of the Convention in conjunction with Article 8. 20 October 2022 \| Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights \| Document type: Case Law \| Legal Instrument: 1950 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) \| Topic(s): Family reunification \| Countries: Sweden - Syrian Arab Republic
Safi and Others v. Greece (Application no. 5418/15) This case concerned the sinking on 20 January 2014 of a fishing boat transporting 27 foreign nationals in the Aegean Sea, off the island of Farmakonisi, resulting in the death of 11 people, including relatives of the applicants. The Court found violations of Article 2 (right to life) and Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman or degrading treatment). 7 July 2022 \| Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Rescue at sea / Interception at sea \| Countries: Afghanistan - Greece - Palestine, State of - Syrian Arab Republic
cases nos. 202106573/1 and 202105784/1 6 July 2022 \| Judicial Body: Netherlands, The: Council of State (Raad van State) \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Refoulement \| Countries: Denmark - Netherlands - Syrian Arab Republic
Submission by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in the case of S.A.A. and Others v. Greece (No. 22146/21) before the European Court of Human Rights July 2022 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae
Background Note on Gender Equality, Nationality Laws and Statelessness 2022 4 March 2022 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Thematic Reports
XXXX contre Commissaire général aux réfugiés et aux apatrides, C-483/20 This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Articles 18 and 24 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (‘the Charter’), Articles 2, 20, 23 and 31 of Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted (OJ 2011 L 337, p. 9), and of Article 25(6) and Article 33(2)(a) of Directive 2013/32/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on common procedures for granting and withdrawing international protection (OJ 2013 L 180, p. 60). 22 February 2022 \| Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union \| Document type: Case Law \| Legal Instrument: 2011 Recast Qualification Directive (EU) \| Topic(s): Family reunification - Right to family life - Unaccompanied / Separated children \| Countries: Austria - Belgium - Syrian Arab Republic
Urteil (des Bundesgerichts) 2C_587/2021 vom 16. Februar 2022 16 February 2022 \| Judicial Body: Switzerland: Federal Court \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Exclusion clauses - Palestinian - Statelessness - Statelessness Determination Procedures - UNRWA \| Countries: Switzerland - Syrian Arab Republic
#IBelong Campaign Update, October – December 2021 1 February 2022 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Thematic Reports
Adam JOHANSEN against Denmark, Application no. 27801/19 1 February 2022 \| Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights \| Document type: Case Law \| Legal Instrument: 1950 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) \| Topic(s): Terrorism - Withdrawal of nationality \| Countries: Denmark - Syrian Arab Republic - Tunisia

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