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European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union

To ensure that the law is enforced, understood and uniformly applied in all Member States, a judicial institution is essential. That institution is the Court of Justice of the European Communities. It is composed of three courts: the Court of Justice (created in 1952), the Court of First Instance (created in 1988) and the Civil Service Tribunal (created in 2004). The Court of Justice of the European Communities, together with the national courts, thus constitutes the European Community’s judiciary. The Court’s main task is to interpret Community law uniformly and to rule on its validity. It answers questions referred to it by the national courts, which play a vital role, as they apply Community law at local level. The judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Communities — together with the treaties, regulations, directives and decisions — make up Community law.  Website: curia.europa.eu/en/
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MP v Secretary of State for the Home Department (C‑353/16) (reference for preliminary ruling)

interpretation of Articles 2(e) and 15(b) of Council Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004

24 April 2018 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - Mental health - Torture | Countries: Sri Lanka - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Conclusions de l'avocat Général M. Paolo Mengozzi: X c État belge

7 February 2017 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Torture - Visas | Countries: Belgium

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