Adjudication of asylum claims (refugee status determination / asylum procedures) / Social group persecution

15 June 2010 | Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Deportation / Forcible return - Domestic violence - Expulsion - Non-state agents of persecution - Refugees - Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) - Social group persecution | Countries: Iran, Islamic Republic of - Türkiye

23 December 2009 | Judicial Body: Australia: Refugee Review Tribunal | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Domestic violence - Honour killings - Kurd - Non-state agents of persecution - Racial / Ethnic persecution - Social group persecution - State protection | Countries: Australia - Türkiye

Mentionné dans les tables du recueil Lebon

3 July 2009 | Judicial Body: France: Conseil d'Etat | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Forced marriage - Kurd - Non-state agents of persecution - Social group persecution - State protection - Women-at-risk | Countries: France - Türkiye

11 May 2009 | Judicial Body: Australia: Refugee Review Tribunal | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Alevis - Country of origin information (COI) - Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) - Kurd - Older persons - Persecution based on political opinion - Persecution of family members - Political parties - Racial / Ethnic persecution - Religious persecution (including forced conversion) - Social group persecution | Countries: Australia - Türkiye

16 March 2009 | Judicial Body: Australia: Refugee Review Tribunal | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Arbitrary arrest and detention - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) - Kurd - Persecution based on political opinion - Persecution of family members - Political parties - Racial / Ethnic persecution - Social group persecution | Countries: Australia - Türkiye

12 January 2009 | Judicial Body: Austria: Asylum Court (Asylgerichtshof) | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Effective protection - Honour killings - Kurd - Non-state agents of persecution - Racial / Ethnic persecution - Social group persecution - Transgression of social / cultural norms | Countries: Austria - Türkiye

Application for judicial review.

22 September 2008 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: High Court (England and Wales) | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - Criminal justice - Kurd - Muslim - Persecution based on political opinion - Political parties - Racial / Ethnic persecution - Religious persecution (including forced conversion) - Social group persecution | Countries: Türkiye - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The Refugee Status Appeals Authority reaffirmed in this decision New Zealand jurisprudence on the internal protection alternative, holding that even were it free to do so, it would not follow the decisions of the House of Lords in Januzi v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2006] 2 AC 426 and AH (Sudan) v Secretary of State for the Home Department [2007] 3 WLR 832 which facilitate the withholding of recognition of refugee status. The Authority emphasized that such withholding of recognition can only occur in a highly limited class of case where (a) the proposed internal protection alternative is accessible to the individual. This requires that the access be practical, safe and legal; (b) in the proposed site of internal protection there is no risk of being persecuted for a Convention reason; (c) in the proposed site of internal protection there are no new risks of being persecuted or of being exposed to other forms of serious harm or of refoulement; and finally, (d) in the proposed site of internal protection basic norms of civil, political and socio-economic rights will be provided by the State. The Authority has also declined to follow the two recent decisions of the High Court of Australia in SZATV v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship (2007) 237 ALR 634 and SZFDV v Minister for Immigration and Citizenship (2007) 237 ALR 660. In these two decisions the "protection" element of the refugee definition in Article 1A(2) was interpreted as "diplomatic protection".

In this decision, addressing honour killings in Turkey, the Authority also held that the political opinion ground was the most appropriate Convention ground on which the claim succeeded. The Authority has made important observations about gender in the context of the political opinion ground and the need for that ground to receive a gender-sensitive interpretation. It concluded that "honour" enforces rigid control by men over women and their sexuality. It is about policing community norms and codes of behaviour, collective decisions and acts of punishment. Ultimately, it is about the distribution and exercise of power in Turkish society. The observance of honour reflects the gendered inequality of power in that society. In the specific context the Authority was satisfied that the claimant's assertion of her right to life and of her right to control her life and her challenge to inequality and the structures of power which support it, was plainly "political" as that term is used in the Refugee Convention.

11 September 2008 | Judicial Body: New Zealand: Refugee Status Appeals Authority | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Blood feuds - Country of origin information (COI) - Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) - Kurd - Persecution based on political opinion - Social group persecution - State protection - Well-founded fear of persecution | Countries: New Zealand - Türkiye

Petition for judicial review.

12 July 2007 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Court of Session (Scotland) | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Effective protection - Grounds for persecution - Honour killings - Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims - Non-state agents of persecution - Social group persecution | Countries: Türkiye - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The case summary in English has been prepared in the framework of the Knowledge-Based Harmonisation of European Asylum Practices Project (2010-2012), co-financed by the European Refugee Fund.

1 March 2007 | Judicial Body: Austria: Supreme Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Internal armed conflict - International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions - Kurd - Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness - Social group persecution | Countries: Austria - Türkiye