Democratic Republic of the Congo

1951 Refugee Convention 1
Abduction 2
Access to procedures 3
Administrative courts 1
Administrative law 1
Airports 2
Aliens 1
Appeal / Right to appeal 8
Arbitrary arrest and detention 11
Armed forces / Military 8
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 23
Asylum policy 3
Asylum-migration nexus 1
Asylum-seekers 16
Banyamulenge 3
Border controls 1
Burden of proof 5
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 7
Capacity building of state institutions 3
Catholic 2
Ceasefire 11
Cessation clauses 4
Child soldiers 8
Children's rights 5
Children-at-risk 8
Christian 1
Citizenship / Nationality law 5
Civil and political rights 1
Combatants / Former combatants 5
Complementary forms of protection 3
Conflict resolution 2
Conflict situation 3
Constitutional law 2
Convention against Torture (CAT) 2
Corruption 2
Country of origin information (COI) 20
Credibility assessment 28
Crimes against humanity 11
Criminal justice 13
Death penalty 1
Decision on admissibility 3
Demobilization / Disarmament 3
Democracy 1
Denial of nationality 1
Denial of refugee status 1
Deportation / Forcible return 21
Derivative status 2
Disappeared persons 1
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 6
Domestic violence 1
EU Qualification Directive 2
Economic, social and cultural rights 1
Effective protection 1
Effective remedy 7
Election law 1
Elections 11
Embargo 14
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 25
Exceptional leave to remain (ELR) 1
Exclusion clauses 7
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 1
Expedited procedures 1
Expulsion 5
Extrajudicial executions 1
False documents 1
Family law 1
Family reunification 8
Forced relocation 1
Foreign occupation 2
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 27
Freedom of conscience 1
Freedom of expression 5
Freedom of movement 4
Freedom of religion 2
Freedom of speech 4
Fresh / New claim 4
Gender discrimination 1
Gender-based persecution 2
Generalized violence 3
Genocide 2
Group / Prima facie determination 1
HIV and AIDS 5
Harmful traditional practices 2
Hema 2
Honour killings 1
Human Rights Council 2
Human rights activists 1
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 13
Human rights courts 1
Human rights law 1
Humanitarian assistance 11
Hutus 2
Illegal entry 3
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 2
Immigrants 3
Immigration Detention 14
Immigration law 5
Impunity 2
Independence of judiciary 1
Indigenous persons 1
Integration 1
Internal armed conflict 32
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 4
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 14
International armed conflict 1
International courts and tribunals 3
International criminal law 5
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 9
International protection 7
Involuntary repatriation 1
Jurisdiction 6
Kasaians 1
Labour law 2
Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 1
Legal representation / Legal aid 1
Lendu 2
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 1
Livelihoods 1
Mandate status 2
Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 3
Medical screening 1
Mental health 2
Mentally disadvantaged persons 1
Mercenaries 5
Migrants 2
Military courts 3
Military law 3
Military operations 1
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 3
Minorities 1
Multiple nationality 1
Muslim 1
National security / Public order 1
Ngbandi 1
Non-refoulement 14
Non-state agents of persecution 2
Opposition 6
Orderly return 2
Passports 3
Peace agreements 2
Peace process 5
Peacekeeping 35
Pentecostal 1
Persecution based on nationality 2
Persecution based on political opinion 38
Persecution of family members 3
Persons with disabilities 1
Police 4
Political asylum 1
Political groups 4
Political parties 7
Political situation 10
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 3
Pre-entry procedures 1
Pre-trial detention 1
Prevention of discrimination 1
Prison or detention conditions 2
Proof of nationality 2
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 1
Protection of civilian persons in time of war 4
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 2
Public health 2
Racial / Ethnic persecution 16
Refoulement 9
Refugee / Asylum law 10
Refugee camps 2
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 9
Refugees 29
Refugees sur place 1
Regional instruments 5
Reintegration 2
Rejected asylum-seekers 7
Rejection at border 2
Religious discrimination 1
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 1
Resettlement 1
Residence permits / Residency 6
Return conditions 2
Returnees 3
Right to a nationality 2
Right to education 1
Right to employment 1
Right to family life 17
Right to health 2
Right to justice 1
Right to liberty and security 4
Right to seek asylum 3
Right to self-determination 2
Rights of non-citizens 1
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 12
Rwandans 4
Safe third country 4
Sanctions 4
Security forces 5
Security situation 20
Serious non-political crime 1
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 13
Small arms 4
Smuggling of persons 1
Social group discrimination 2
Social group persecution 5
Standard of proof 1
State protection 2
Statelessness 5
Torture 2
Trafficking in persons 3
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 7
Travel documents 4
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 4
Tutsis 5
UNHCR mandate 2
Unaccompanied / Separated children 3
Unlawful departure 1
Urban refugees 1
Visas 1
Voluntary repatriation 8
War crimes 6
Well-founded fear of persecution 6
Witchcraft 1
Witnesses 6
Women's rights 4
Women-at-risk 1
Work permits 2

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RRT Case No. 1105038 1 November 2011 \| Judicial Body: Australia: Refugee Review Tribunal \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Kasaians - Persecution based on political opinion \| Countries: Australia - Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Kika v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) 2 September 2011 \| Judicial Body: Canada: Federal Court \| Document type: Case Law \| Countries: Canada - Congo, Democratic Republic of the
République Démocratique du Congo: Loi organique du 2011 portant organisation et fonctionnement de la police congolaise 11 August 2011 \| Publisher: National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities \| Document type: National Legislation
République Démocratique du Congo: Loi organique du 2011 portant organisation et fonctionnement de la police congolaise 11 August 2011 \| Publisher: National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities \| Document type: National Legislation
Matter of X 9 August 2011 \| Judicial Body: United States Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR) \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Prostitution / Commercial sex work - Social group persecution - Trafficking in persons \| Countries: Congo, Democratic Republic of the - United States of America
C and Others v. Director of Immigration and Another Decisions related to this decision are available here: C and Others v. Director of Immigration and Another; C v. Director of Immigration; AK v. Director of Immigration; KMF v. Director of Immigration and another; VK v. Director of Immigration; BF v. Director of Immigration and another; YAM v. Director of Immigration. 21 July 2011 \| Judicial Body: Hong Kong: High Court \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Convention against Torture (CAT) - Non-refoulement - Refugees \| Countries: Congo, Republic of the - Guinea - Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China) - Sri Lanka
Abiyat and others (rights of appeal) Iran v. Secretary of State for the Home Department Heard at Field House on 22 June 2010 and 22 June 2011. 20 July 2011 \| Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Appeal / Right to appeal - Jurisdiction \| Countries: Iran, Islamic Republic of - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) v Ezokola 15 July 2011 \| Judicial Body: Canada: Federal Court of Appeal \| Document type: Case Law \| Countries: Canada - Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Security Council resolution 1991 (2011) [Democratic Republic of the Congo] 28 June 2011 \| Publisher: UN Security Council \| Document type: Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations
Situation en République Démocratique du Congo : Le Procureur c. Germain Katanga et Mathieu Ngudjolo Chui 9 June 2011 \| Judicial Body: International Criminal Court (ICC) \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Asylum-seekers - Effective remedy - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Non-refoulement - Right to seek asylum - Witnesses \| Countries: Congo, Democratic Republic of the

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