Last Updated: Wednesday, 17 May 2023, 15:20 GMT

European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union

To ensure that the law is enforced, understood and uniformly applied in all Member States, a judicial institution is essential. That institution is the Court of Justice of the European Communities. It is composed of three courts: the Court of Justice (created in 1952), the Court of First Instance (created in 1988) and the Civil Service Tribunal (created in 2004). The Court of Justice of the European Communities, together with the national courts, thus constitutes the European Community’s judiciary. The Court’s main task is to interpret Community law uniformly and to rule on its validity. It answers questions referred to it by the national courts, which play a vital role, as they apply Community law at local level. The judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Communities — together with the treaties, regulations, directives and decisions — make up Community law.  Website: curia.europa.eu/en/
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K v Landkreis Gifhorn, Request for a preliminary ruling from the Amtsgericht Hannover, Case C-519/20

La demande de décision préjudicielle porte sur l’interprétation de l’article 16, paragraphe 1, et de l’article 18 de la directive 2008/115/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil, du 16 décembre 2008, relative aux normes et procédures communes applicables dans les États membres au retour des ressortissants de pays tiers en séjour irrégulier (JO 2008, L 348, p. 98).

10 March 2022 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Legal Instrument: 2008 Returns Directive (EU) | Topic(s): Emergency legislation - Expulsion - Prison or detention conditions | Countries: Germany - Pakistan

Opinion of Advocate General Kokott: Shiraz Baig Mirza v Bevándorlási és Állampolgársági Hivatal

8 March 2016 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Regional instruments - Safe third country | Countries: Czech Republic - Hungary - Pakistan

H. N. v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform, Ireland, Attorney General

8 May 2014 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - International protection - Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures - Regional instruments - Single procedure | Countries: Ireland - Pakistan

Bundesrepublik Deutschland v. Y (C-71/11), Z (C-99/11)

5 September 2012 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Ahmadis - Freedom of religion - Minorities - Religious discrimination - Religious persecution (including forced conversion) | Countries: Germany - Pakistan

Federal Republic of Germany v. Y and Z (Opinion of Advocat General)

19 April 2012 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Ahmadis - Freedom of religion - Laws relating to religion - Minorities - Religious discrimination - Religious persecution (including forced conversion) | Countries: Germany - Pakistan

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