Iraq

In it’s judgement E 2372/2021 issued 7 October 2021, the Constitutional Court ruled that due to “UNHCR International Protection Considerations with Regard to People Fleeing the Republic of Iraq” from May 2019, Sunni Arab men and boys of fighting age, who lived in an area under ISIS control and/or where ISIS maintains a presence and women and children associated with real or perceived ISIS members on account of their family or tribal relations meet a specific risk profile as they are under general suspicion of supporting ISIS. Therefore, people fulfilling these characteristics are likely in need of international refugee protection, depending on the individual circumstances of the case. Referring to the UNHCR International Protection Considerations as well as the “EASO Country Guidance: Iraq” from January 2021 the Constitutional Court ruled that the Federal Administrative Court must duly take into consideration the individual situation of the complainant against the backdrop of the specific risk profile in case the complainant has put forward fear of persecution because of the affiliation to the risk profile in a substantiated way. In the present case the Federal Administrative Court assumed that the alleged threat by Shiite militias was due to the battles between ISIS, militias and Iraqi units at that time and has not been directed against the complainant or his family directly. It denied an individual persecution without considering that the complainant – a Sunni Arab of fighting age, who lived in an area under ISIS control – was meeting a specific risk profile. The Federal Administrative Court’s findings were thus found to be arbitrary by the Constitutional Court.

27 January 2022 | Judicial Body: Austria: Constitutional Court of Austria (Verfassungsgerichtshof) | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Armed forces / Military - Asylum-seekers - International armed conflict - Social group persecution | Countries: Austria - Iraq

13 June 2017 | Publisher: United States Congressional Research Service | Document type: Country Reports

17 December 2012 | Publisher: Germany: Federal Office for Migration and Asylum | Document type: Country News

16 November 2012 | Publisher: Refugees International | Document type: Country Reports

This judgment is final but may be subject to editorial revision.

7 July 2011 | Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): International armed conflict - Pre-trial detention - Right to liberty and security | Countries: Iraq - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

This judgment is final but may be subject to editorial revision.

7 July 2011 | Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): International armed conflict - Right to life - Security forces - Security situation | Countries: Iraq - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland