Query Responses
Query responses are replies to focused queries or requests for Information that are submitted in the course of the refugee status determination process.
- Asylum Research Centre (ARC) 10
- Australia: Refugee Review Tribunal 1,398
- Austrian Centre for Country of Origin and Asylum Research and Documentation (ACCORD) 33
- Canada: Federal Court of Appeal 5
- Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada 41,948
- Country of Origin Research and Information (CORI) 30
- European Union: European Asylum Support Office (EASO) 5
- Forum 18 2
- Human Rights Watch 1
- Immigration Advisory Service (IAS) 1
- Immigration Law Practitioners' Association (ILPA) 1
- Institute for War and Peace Reporting 2
- Ireland: Refugee Documentation Centre 716
- Norway: Landinfo - Country of Origin Information Centre 19
- Swiss Refugee Council 41
- UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 2
- UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 2
- United States Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services 282
- Afghanistan 453
- Albania 478
- Algeria 442
- American Samoa 1
- Angola 298
- Antigua and Barbuda 30
- Argentina 456
- Armenia 91
- Aruba 2
- Australia 57
- Austria 26
- Azerbaijan 171
- Bahamas 23
- Bahrain 25
- Bangladesh 862
- Barbados 35
- Belarus 111
- Belgium 41
- Belize 21
- Benin 53
- Bhutan 9
- Bolivia 131
- Bosnia and Herzegovina 86
- Botswana 31
- Brazil 142
- Brunei Darussalam 2
- Bulgaria 571
- Burkina Faso 61
- Burundi 253
- Cambodia 53
- Cameroon 286
- Canada 403
- Cape Verde 2
- Cayman Islands 1
- Central African Republic 37
- Chad 258
- Chile 395
- China 1,734
- Colombia 548
- Comoros 29
- Congo, Democratic Republic of the 1,318
- Congo, Republic of the 185
- Costa Rica 289
- Côte d'Ivoire 179
- Croatia 174
- Cuba 406
- Cyprus 23
- Czech Republic 180
- Denmark 29
- Djibouti 239
- Dominica 29
- Dominican Republic 118
- Ecuador 206
- Egypt 274
- El Salvador 755
- Equatorial Guinea 30
- Eritrea 194
- Estonia 165
- Eswatini 16
- Ethiopia 727
- Fiji 99
- Finland 13
- France 193
- French Guiana 6
- Gabon 26
- Gambia 78
- Georgia 180
- Germany 178
- Ghana 996
- Greece 113
- Grenada 70
- Guadeloupe 3
- Guatemala 533
- Guinea 227
- Guinea-Bissau 21
- Guyana 193
- Haiti 407
- Holy See (Vatican City State) 2
- Honduras 431
- Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China) 76
- Hungary 340
- Iceland 1
- India 1,428
- Indonesia 157
- Iran, Islamic Republic of 1,524
- Iraq 481
- Ireland 21
- Israel 761
- Italy 105
- Jamaica 137
- Japan 42
- Jordan 254
- Kazakhstan 123
- Kenya 418
- Kiribati 2
- Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 27
- Korea, Republic of 141
- Kuwait 125
- Kyrgyzstan 51
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 9
- Latvia 126
- Lebanon 1,013
- Lesotho 8
- Liberia 185
- Libya 195
- Lithuania 75
- Luxembourg 2
- Macau (Special Administrative Region of China) 8
- Madagascar 12
- Malawi 33
- Malaysia 178
- Maldives 3
- Mali 136
- Malta 9
- Martinique 2
- Mauritania 111
- Mauritius 16
- Mexico 1,187
- Moldova, Republic of 212
- Mongolia 41
- Montenegro 199
- Montserrat 5
- Morocco 195
- Mozambique 17
- Myanmar 78
- Namibia 43
- Nauru 1
- Nepal 121
- Netherlands 63
- Netherlands Antilles 19
- New Caledonia 1
- New Zealand 3
- Nicaragua 312
- Niger 41
- Nigeria 1,617
- North Macedonia 119
- Norway 17
- Oman 8
- Pakistan 1,520
- Palestine, State of 208
- Panama 127
- Papua New Guinea 7
- Paraguay 45
- Peru 515
- Philippines 173
- Poland 374
- Portugal 37
- Qatar 23
- Romania 630
- Russian Federation 1,163
- Rwanda 327
- Saint Kitts and Nevis 12
- Saint Lucia 74
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 138
- Samoa 1
- Sao Tome and Principe 1
- Saudi Arabia 144
- Senegal 94
- Serbia 461
- Seychelles 39
- Sierra Leone 141
- Singapore 38
- Slovakia 139
- Slovenia 28
- Solomon Islands 6
- Somalia 1,200
- South Africa 181
- South Sudan 10
- Spain 106
- Sri Lanka 1,156
- Sudan 369
- Suriname 16
- Sweden 43
- Switzerland 39
- Syrian Arab Republic 329
- Tajikistan 31
- Tanzania, United Republic of 154
- Thailand 76
- Timor-Leste (East Timor) 7
- Togo 151
- Tonga 2
- Trinidad and Tobago 93
- Tunisia 126
- Türkiye 703
- Turkmenistan 13
- Turks and Caicos Islands 9
- Tuvalu 1
- U.S. Virgin Islands 2
- Uganda 252
- Ukraine 552
- United Arab Emirates 73
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 118
- United States of America 533
- Uruguay 180
- Uzbekistan 87
- Venezuela 774
- Viet Nam 157
- Western Sahara Territory 14
- Yemen 171
- Zambia 61
- Zimbabwe 315
- 1951 Refugee Convention 2
- Abduction 90
- Abkhazians 7
- Abuse of psychiatry 15
- Access to procedures 44
- Access to water 1
- Acehnese 2
- Acholi 5
- Acts of persecution 3
- Adivasis 2
- Administrative courts 1
- Administrative law 6
- Adoption 30
- Afars 22
- Africans 10
- Afro-Colombians 2
- Age discrimination 4
- Ahmadis 118
- Ahwazi 6
- Airports 270
- Akan 17
- Alawi 48
- Albanians 13
- Albinism/Persons with Albinism 8
- Alevis 14
- Aliens 25
- Amhara 48
- Anglican 8
- Animist 2
- Anti-terrorism law 3
- Anuak 1
- Apartheid 12
- Appeal / Right to appeal 18
- Arabs 50
- Arbitrary arrest and detention 92
- Armed attacks on camps 5
- Armed forces / Military 213
- Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 2,200
- Armenian 89
- Arrival 5
- Ashanti 30
- Ashkaelian 1
- Ashraf 2
- Assamese 3
- Assemblies of God 2
- Assyrians 5
- Asylum policy 11
- Asylum-migration nexus 1
- Asylum-seekers 75
- Atheist / Agnostic 11
- Azeri 25
- Baganda 4
- Baha'i 26
- Bail 24
- Bajuni 4
- Bakhtiari 1
- Bakongo 27
- Baluchis 10
- Bamileke 5
- Bantu 4
- Banyamulenge 6
- Banyarwanda 9
- Baptist 97
- Bashkirs 4
- Basques 6
- Bedoon 31
- Beja 2
- Belarusians 1
- Bemba 9
- Benadiri 4
- Bengalis 11
- Berber 23
- Bihari 20
- Blood feuds 38
- Bodos 1
- Border conflict 11
- Border controls 51
- Border crossers 40
- Bosnian 4
- Buddhist 73
- Bulgarians 20
- Burden of proof 1
- Buryat 5
- Cabinda 15
- Camp management 3
- Catholic 244
- Ceasefire 12
- Cessation clauses 2
- Chakma 2
- Chaldean 2
- Changes of circumstances in home country 10
- Chechen 19
- Child labour 4
- Child prostitution 8
- Child soldiers 70
- Children's rights 85
- Children-at-risk 113
- Chin 6
- Chinese 33
- Chittagong Hill Tribes 25
- Christian 340
- Chuvash 4
- Circassians 5
- Citizenship / Nationality law 59
- Civil and political rights 28
- Civil rights legislation 5
- Civil war 51
- Civilian character of asylum 1
- Combatants / Former combatants 32
- Communal conflict / Social conflict 111
- Conflict resolution 13
- Conflict situation 45
- Congregationalist 1
- Contemporary forms of slavery 5
- Convention refugee 40
- Copts 35
- Corruption 169
- Cossacks 13
- Country of origin information (COI) 12
- Coup d'état 271
- Creoles 2
- Crime prevention 34
- Crimean Tatars 12
- Crimes against humanity 27
- Criminal justice 780
- Croats 6
- Customary law 12
- Czechs 19
- Dalit 12
- Danes 3
- Darfuri 4
- Darod 49
- Death in custody 1
- Death penalty 33
- Death squads 48
- Demobilization / Disarmament 10
- Democracy 8
- Denial of nationality 7
- Denial of refugee status 77
- Deportation / Forcible return 263
- Dera Sacha Sauda 1
- Dinka 3
- Diolas 5
- Dioula 2
- Diplomatic asylum 1
- Disappeared persons 107
- Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 1,282
- Domestic violence 645
- Drug trafficking 105
- Druze 21
- East Caprivians 1
- Economic, social and cultural rights 46
- Effective protection 7
- Effective remedy 26
- Election law 5
- Elections 119
- Emigrants 63
- Entry / Exit 97
- Episcopalian 2
- Equal opportunities 2
- Equality before the law 22
- Eritreans 7
- Ethiopians 8
- Ethnic cleansing 9
- Evacuation 2
- Evangelical 77
- Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 4
- Ewe 11
- Exceptional leave to remain (ELR) 2
- Exiles 59
- Expulsion 148
- Extradition 58
- Extrajudicial executions 25
- Extreme poverty 3
- False documents 134
- Falun Gong 98
- Family law 19
- Family reunification 23
- Female genital mutilation (FGM) 138
- Fijians 26
- Filipinos 23
- Flight by land, air or sea 12
- Forced labour 27
- Forced marriage 195
- Forced sterilization / Abortion 48
- Foreign occupation 41
- Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 159
- Freedom of assembly and association 235
- Freedom of conscience 34
- Freedom of expression 226
- Freedom of information 79
- Freedom of movement 379
- Freedom of religion 646
- Freedom of speech 66
- Fulani 19
- Fur 3
- Gaboye 5
- Gagauz 8
- Gang related violence 63
- Gender discrimination 65
- Gender mainstreaming 2
- Gender-based persecution 37
- Generalized violence 10
- Genocide 41
- Germans 21
- Good governance 117
- Greeks 10
- Gujaratis 3
- HIV and AIDS 103
- Habeas corpus 7
- Habitual residence 25
- Haitians 23
- Han 3
- Haratin 2
- Hare Krishna 4
- Harmful traditional practices 94
- Hazara 27
- Hema 2
- Hijacking 17
- Hindu 185
- Hmong 2
- Honour killings 41
- Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 202
- Hui 6
- Human rights activists 52
- Human rights and fundamental freedoms 738
- Human rights courts 3
- Human rights law 1
- Human rights monitors 9
- Humanitarian assistance 6
- Hungarians 42
- Hutus 95
- IDP camps 8
- Ibo 15
- Ijaw 25
- Illegal entry 44
- Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 80
- Illegitimate children 16
- Immigrants 128
- Immigration Detention 50
- Immigration control after entry 8
- Immigration law 2
- Immunity 9
- Impunity 28
- Independence of judiciary 11
- Indians 20
- Indigenous persons 48
- Ingush 11
- Integration 13
- Internal armed conflict 48
- Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 79
- Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 83
- International armed conflict 10
- International courts and tribunals 3
- International criminal law 4
- International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 6
- Involuntary repatriation 14
- Iranians 31
- Ismaili 2
- Issaq 28
- Japanese 13
- Jehovah's Witness 37
- Jew 318
- Kachin 1
- Kalenjin 5
- Karamojong 1
- Karen 4
- Kashmiris 23
- Kazakhs 5
- Khakass 4
- Khmer 3
- Kikuyu 26
- Kisii 6
- Komi 4
- Konkomba 9
- Koreans 23
- Kosovar 3
- Krou 1
- Kurd 307
- Kusasi 2
- Labour law 4
- Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 3
- Lari 14
- Law of the sea 2
- Laws relating to religion 8
- Laz 2
- Legal representation / Legal aid 64
- Lendu 3
- Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 585
- Lezgin 3
- Livelihoods 7
- Location of camps 14
- Luba 18
- Lunda, Yeke 1
- Luo 8
- Lutheran 3
- M'boshi 1
- Macedonians 33
- Madhesis 1
- Madhiban 5
- Magyars 2
- Malays 5
- Malinke / Mandingo 8
- Mandate status 17
- Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 1
- Maronite 4
- Mass exodus 10
- Massaleit 4
- Maternal and child health care 29
- Mayans 5
- Medical screening 2
- Melanesians 1
- Memoranda of understanding (MOU) 1
- Mende 4
- Mental health 51
- Mentally disadvantaged persons 26
- Mercenaries 4
- Merina 1
- Meskhetians 1
- Messianic Jews 14
- Methodist 10
- Midgan 8
- Migrant rights 1
- Migrants 49
- Military courts 137
- Military law 1
- Military operations 16
- Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 1,397
- Minorities 389
- Minority rights 41
- Mohajirs 58
- Mon 2
- Mongols 1
- Montenegrin 9
- Mormon 10
- Mossi-Dagomba 5
- Multiple nationality 78
- Muslim 642
- Nagas 1
- National security / Public order 24
- Naturalization 153
- Ndebele 5
- Nepalis 7
- New Life Church 1
- Ngbandi 5
- Nomads 34
- Non-refoulement 34
- Non-state agents of persecution 54
- Nuba 9
- Nuer 1
- Ogaden 5
- Older persons 32
- One-child policy / Family planning 46
- Opposition 401
- Oromo 52
- Orthodox Christian 41
- Ossetians (South) 14
- Ovimbundu 4
- Paez 1
- Palestinian 173
- Pashtun 17
- Passports 382
- Peace agreements 65
- Peace process 26
- Peacekeeping 15
- Pentecostal 29
- Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 7
- Persecution based on nationality 3
- Persecution based on political opinion 511
- Persecution of family members 84
- Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 214
- Persons of concern to UNHCR 2
- Persons with disabilities 70
- Piracy 2
- Poles 15
- Police 533
- Political asylum 43
- Political groups 626
- Political parties 1,183
- Political situation 745
- Polygamy 28
- Polynesians 1
- Pomaks 5
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 2
- Pre-trial detention 3
- Presbyterian 5
- Prevention of discrimination 6
- Prison or detention conditions 174
- Prisoners of war 1
- Proof of nationality 25
- Property restitution 23
- Prosecution vs persecution 23
- Prostitution / Commercial sex work 42
- Protection of camps 1
- Protection of civilian persons in time of war 9
- Protestant 38
- Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 35
- Public health 236
- Punjabis 16
- Quechua 1
- Racial / Ethnic persecution 1,114
- Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 14
- Raizals 1
- Rastafarian 3
- Re-entry 7
- Readmission 1
- Reception 3
- Reconciliation 11
- Referendum 8
- Refoulement 40
- Refugee / Asylum law 6
- Refugee camps 119
- Refugee identity documents 100
- Refugee seamen 30
- Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 12
- Refugee travel documents / CTDs 90
- Refugees 84
- Refugees sur place 6
- Registration 33
- Reintegration 6
- Rejected asylum-seekers 114
- Rejection at border 2
- Religious discrimination 299
- Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 337
- Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 1
- Resettlement 40
- Residence permits / Residency 936
- Return conditions 89
- Returnees 205
- Right to a nationality 770
- Right to education 121
- Right to employment 156
- Right to family life 6
- Right to food 5
- Right to health 63
- Right to justice 30
- Right to leave 144
- Right to liberty and security 2
- Right to life 9
- Right to registration at birth 77
- Right to return 218
- Right to seek asylum 4
- Right to self-determination 9
- Rights of non-citizens 96
- Rohingya (Arakanese) 11
- Roma 302
- Romanians 28
- Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 115
- Russians 141
- Sabean Mandean 4
- Sabians 3
- Safe country of origin 1
- Safe third country 2
- Saharawis 3
- Salafi 5
- Sale of children 2
- Sami 2
- Sanctions 5
- Sandzak 2
- Secondary movement 1
- Security forces 288
- Security situation 324
- Serb 62
- Serious non-political crime 4
- Seventh Day Adventist 38
- Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 949
- Sexual and reproductive rights 50
- Shan 5
- Sharia law 23
- Shia 137
- Sikh 325
- Sindhis 4
- Single heads of household 43
- Sinhalese 58
- Slovaks 6
- Slovenes 4
- Small arms 1
- Smuggling of persons 21
- Social group discrimination 109
- Social group persecution 30
- Solomon Islanders 1
- Somalis 77
- Spontaneous return 1
- State of emergency 25
- State protection 1,066
- Statelessness 26
- Stowaways 2
- Sufi 16
- Sunni 152
- Sur place persecution 5
- Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 1
- Tajik 8
- Tamil 389
- Taoist 1
- Tatars 62
- Temne 3
- Temporary admission 9
- Temporary protection 7
- Territorial asylum 2
- Terrorism 569
- Threats / Intimidation 2
- Tibetan 61
- Tien Do 1
- Tigreans 13
- Tiv 1
- Torture 9
- Trafficking in persons 37
- Transgression of social / cultural norms 6
- Transit 7
- Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 2
- Travel documents 133
- Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 2
- Tuareg 8
- Turkmen 6
- Turks 6
- Tutsis 115
- UNHCR mandate 3
- Udmurts 1
- Uighur 29
- Ukrainians 34
- Unaccompanied / Separated children 14
- Unlawful departure 72
- Urban refugees 1
- Uzbek 3
- Vietnamese 1
- Visas 943
- Vlachs 2
- Voluntary repatriation 99
- War crimes 7
- Well-founded fear of persecution 8
- Widowed persons 51
- Witchcraft 7
- Withdrawal of nationality 10
- Witnesses 126
- Women's rights 347
- Women-at-risk 323
- Work permits 196
- Yazīdī 3
- Yibir 7
- Yoruba 36
- Zanzibaris 2
- Zapotecs 1
- Zarma 1
- Zomi (Chin) 1
- Zoroastrian 30
- Zulus 4