Policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa : International efforts to eradicate apartheid

Policies of apartheid of the Government of South Africa

A

International efforts to eradicate apartheid

1. Reaffirms its support for the legitimate struggle of the South African people for the total eradication of apartheid and the establishment of a united, non-racial and democratic society in South Africa in which all its people, irrespective of race, colour, sex or creed, will enjoy the same fundamental freedoms and human rights;

2. Takes note of Pretoria's declared commitment to abolish the apartheid system;

3. Reaffirms the provisions of the Declaration on Apartheid and its Destructive Consequences in Southern Africa and the need for their full and immediate implementation;

4. Fully supports the efforts of the South African people to arrive at a peaceful settlement of the problems in their country through genuine negotiations, and welcomes the fact that the African National Congress of South Africa and the South African regime have engaged in talks that have thus far resulted in the agreements set out in the Groote Schuur Minute of 4 May 1990 and in the Pretoria Minute, aimed at facilitating the commencement of substantive negotiations;

5. Calls upon the South African authorities to continue their efforts to foster a climate fully conducive to negotiations and free political activity, in particular by repealing all repressive legislation, such as provisions in the Internal Security Act, by ending detentions without trial, by allowing the return of all political exiles without restrictions and by fully implementing all agreements reached so far with the African National Congress, including the release of all remaining political prisoners;

6. Calls for a speedy and full implementation of the agreements reached so far between the South African regime and the African National Congress;

7. Welcomes the progress made thus far aimed at facilitating the commencement of substantive broad-based negotiations and encourages all parties concerned, taking into account the guidelines to the process of negotiations contained in the Declaration, to participate fully in future negotiations, in order to secure the adoption of a new constitution and the establishment of a united, non-racial and democratic South Africa;

8. Calls for an immediate end to violence, which has resulted largely from the continued existence of the apartheid policies, practices and structures;

9. Calls upon the South African authorities to redouble their efforts to end recurring violence by ensuring effective and impartial actions by all branches of government and all competent authorities against all those responsible for violence, including vigilante groups, and calls upon all parties concerned to contribute to the establishment of an atmosphere free of violence;

10. Considers that while the South African authorities have declared their intention to eradicate apartheid and embark on negotiations for a new constitution, the process of change in South Africa remains at an early stage and further substantive progress needs to be made to promote the profound and irreversible changes called for in the Declaration;

11. Calls upon all Governments and intergovernmental organizations to adhere strictly to the programme of action contained in the Declaration by maintaining the measures aimed at applying pressure on the South African regime to eradicate apartheid and to promote profound and irreversible changes, bearing in mind the objectives of the Declaration, namely, the speedy eradication of apartheid and the establishment of a united, democratic, non-racial South Africa;

12. Calls upon all Governments, intergovernmental organizations and financial institutions to use concerted and effective measures, particularly in the areas of economic and financial relations with apartheid South Africa, aimed at applying pressure to ensure a speedy end to apartheid;

13. Calls upon all Governments to observe fully the mandatory arms embargo and requests the Security Council to monitor effectively the strict implementation of the arms embargo;

14. Appeals to all Governments and organizations to render all possible assistance to the front-line States, particularly Angola and Mozambique, to enable them to reconstruct their economies, which have been devastated from years of destabilization;

15. Appeals to all States, organizations and institutions to increase economic, humanitarian, legal, educational and other assistance and support to the victims of apartheid and to all those, including previously banned organizations, who oppose apartheid and promote a united, non-racial, democratic society in South Africa;

16. Urges the international community and the Secretary-General, through the relevant United Nations agencies, to provide all possible assistance to facilitate the re-establishment of previously banned political organizations in South Africa as well as the reintegration of released political prisoners and returning South African refugees and exiles;

17. Requests the Secretary-General to ensure the co-ordination of activities of the United Nations system in the implementation of the Declaration and report thereon to the General Assembly at its forty-sixth session, and to continue monitoring the implementation of the Declaration as well as pursuing appropriate initiatives to facilitate all efforts leading to the peaceful eradication of apartheid.

B

Concerted and effective measures aimed at eradicating apartheid

1. Reaffirms that apartheid is a crime against the conscience and dignity of humankind and a threat to international peace and security, and that it is a primary responsibility of the United Nations to assist in efforts to eliminate it without further delay;

2. Calls upon all States, especially those States which have increased or initiated trade, financial and other links with South Africa, in particular the leading trading partners of South Africa, as indicated in the annual report of the Special Committee against Apartheid, to adhere fully to the programme of action contained in the Declaration on Apartheid and its Destructive Consequences in Southern Africa;

3. Calls upon all States to maintain existing measures aimed at applying pressure on apartheid South Africa, particularly in the following areas:

(a) Supply of all products, in particular computer and communications equipment, technologies, skills and services, including military intelligence, that can be used for the military and nuclear industry of South Africa;

(b) Import of coal, gold and other minerals and agricultural products from South Africa;

(c) Effective withdrawal of transnational corporations, banks and financial institutions from South Africa by ceasing equity investment and by cutting off non-equity links, particularly those involving transfer of high technology and know-how;

(d) Provision of new credits and loans;

(e) Double taxation agreements with South Africa and any form of tax relief in respect of income from investments in that country;

(f) Landing and port rights to South African air and sea carriers and direct air, sea and other transport links with South Africa;

4. Appeals to all Governments, organizations and individuals to refrain from any sports relations with South Africa and not entertain any cultural or academic links unless any particular activity in the cultural and academic fields has the intent and effect of opposing apartheid in line with United Nations policy on this matter, and to give appropriate assistance in these fields to the anti-apartheid forces and to the disadvantaged sections of South African society;

5. Urges Governments and private financial institutions, as well as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, not to extend loans and credits to South Africa, whether to the public or private sector, until there is clear evidence of profound and irreversible changes in South Africa, bearing in mind the objectives of the Declaration;

6. Urges all States to close existing loopholes in their existing measures, monitor strictly their implementation and adopt and apply, when necessary, legislation providing for penalties on individuals and enterprises violating those measures;

7. Requests the Special Committee to continue to monitor the implementation of existing measures aimed at the eradication of apartheid, and to report thereon to the General Assembly and the Security Council as appropriate;

8. Requests the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly at its forty-sixth session on the implementation of the present resolution.

C

Military collaboration with South Africa

1. Strongly deplores the actions of those States which, directly or indirectly, continue to violate the arms embargo and collaborate with South Africa in the military, nuclear, intelligence and technology fields, and calls upon those States to terminate forthwith such hostile acts and honour their obligations under Security Council resolution 421 (1977);

2. Urges all States to adopt strict legislation relating to the implementation of the arms embargo and prohibit the supply to South Africa of all products, in particular computer and communications equipment, technologies, skills and services, including military intelligence, that can be used for the military and nuclear industry of that country;

3. Urges the Security Council to consider immediate steps to ensure the scrupulous and full implementation and the effective monitoring of the arms embargo imposed by Council resolutions 418 (1977) and 558 (1984) of 13 December 1984, to consider strengthening the monitoring and the reporting of violations of the arms embargo and to provide information on a regular basis to the Secretary-General for general distribution to Member States;

4. Also urges the Security Council to implement the recommendations of the report of the Committee established under Council resolution 421 (1977) concerning appropriate measures against those States violating the mandatory arms embargo against South Africa;

5. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to keep the matter under constant review and to report thereon to the General Assembly and the Security Council as appropriate.

D

Relations between South Africa and Israel

1. Condemns the collaboration of Israel with the South African regime in the military and nuclear fields;

2. Reiterates its demand that Israel desist from and terminate forthwith all forms of collaboration with South Africa, particularly in the military and nuclear fields;

3. Urges the Security Council to take appropriate measures against Israel for its violation of the mandatory arms embargo against South Africa;

4. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to continue to monitor the relations between South Africa and Israel and keep them under constant review and report to the General Assembly and the Security Council as appropriate.

E

Programme of work of the Special Committee against Apartheid

1. Commends the Special Committee against Apartheid for the diligent manner in which it has discharged its responsibilities in monitoring the situation in South Africa and promoting international action against apartheid;

2. Takes note of the report of the Special Committee and endorses its recommendations relating to its programme of work;

3. Authorizes the Special Committee, in accordance with its mandate and acting, with the support services of the United Nations Centre against Apartheid, as the focal point for the international campaign against apartheid and the promotion of the implementation of the Declaration on Apartheid and its Destructive Consequences in Southern Africa:

(a) To continue monitoring closely developments in South Africa and the actions of the international community, particularly regarding the need for maintaining pressure on South Africa as called for in the Declaration;

(b) To continue mobilizing international action against apartheid, inter alia, through collection, analysis and dissemination of information, through liaison and consultations with Governments, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations and relevant individuals and groups, both inside and outside South Africa, able to influence public opinion and decision-making, and through missions, hearings, conferences, publicity and other relevant activities;

(c) To publish an interim annual report during the first half of 1991 on developments in South Africa and on the international response thereto and, in this context, undertake, as appropriate, consultations with the parties concerned;

4. Appeals to all Governments, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations to increase their co-operation with the Special Committee and the Centre in the discharge of their mandates;

5. Requests all United Nations bodies, organs and agencies to co-operate with the Special Committee and the Centre in their activities in order to ensure consistency, improve co-ordination and efficient use of available resources and avoid duplication of efforts in the implementation of the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council;

6. Requests Governments and organizations to provide financial and other assistance for the special projects of the Special Committee and to make generous contributions to the Trust Fund for Publicity against Apartheid;

7. Appeals to all Governments, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, information media and individuals to co-operate with the Centre and the Department of Public Information of the Secretariat in their activities relating to apartheid and, in particular, in disseminating information on the evolving situation in South Africa;

8. Decides to continue the authorization of adequate financial provision in the regular budget of the United Nations to enable the African National Congress of South Africa and the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania to maintain offices in New York in order to participate effectively in the deliberations of the Special Committee and other appropriate bodies;

9. Decides to make a special allocation of 480,000 United States dollars to the Special Committee for 1991 from the regular budget of the United Nations to cover the cost of special projects to be decided upon by the Committee.

F

Oil embargo against South Africa

1. Takes note of the report of the Intergovernmental Group to Monitor the Supply and Shipping of Oil and Petroleum Products to South Africa and endorses its recommendations;

2. Commends the proposed model law for the effective enforcement of the oil embargo against South Africa annexed to the annual report of the Intergovernmental Group to States for their attention, including consideration of the adoption of the general principles of the draft within the context and framework of their own legal practices;

3. Urges the Security Council to take action under appropriate provisions of the Charter of the United Nations to ensure an effective embargo on the supply and shipping of oil and petroleum products to South Africa in order to effect a speedy and peaceful eradication of apartheid;

4. Requests all States, pending such decisions, to adopt effective measures and/or legislation to broaden the scope of the oil embargo in order to ensure the complete cessation of the supply and shipping of oil and petroleum products to South Africa, whether directly or indirectly, and in particular:

(a) To apply strictly the "end users" clause and other conditions concerning restriction on destination to ensure compliance with the embargo;

(b) To compel the companies originally selling or purchasing oil or petroleum products, as appropriate to each nation, to desist from selling, reselling or otherwise transferring oil and petroleum products to South Africa, whether directly or indirectly;

(c) To establish strict control over the supply of oil and petroleum products to South Africa by intermediaries, oil companies and traders by placing responsibility for the fulfilment of the contract on the first buyer or seller of oil and petroleum products who would, therefore, be liable for the actions of these parties;

(d) To prevent access by South Africa to other sources of energy, including the supply of raw materials, technical know-how, financial assistance and transport;

(e) To prohibit all assistance to apartheid South Africa, including the provision of finance, technology, equipment or personnel for the prospecting, development or production of hydrocarbon resources, the construction or operation of oil-from-coal or oil-from-gas plants or the development and operation of plants producing fuel substitutes and additives such as ethanol and methanol;

(f) To prevent South African corporations from maintaining or expanding their holdings in oil companies or properties outside South Africa;

(g) To terminate the transport of oil and petroleum products to South Africa by ships flying their flags, or by ships that are ultimately owned, managed or chartered by their nationals or by companies within their jurisdiction;

(h) To develop a system for registration of ships, registered or owned by their nationals, that have unloaded oil or petroleum products in South Africa in contravention of embargoes imposed, and to discourage such ships from calling at South African ports;

(i) To impose penal action against companies and individuals that have been involved in violating the oil embargo, and to publicize cases of successful prosecutions in conformity with their national laws;

(j) To gather, exchange and disseminate information regarding violations of the oil embargo, including ways and means to prevent such violations, and to take concerted measures against violators;

(k) To discourage ships capable of carrying oil or petroleum products in their national registries or owned or managed by companies or individuals within their jurisdiction from engaging in activities that give rise to violation of the oil embargo against South Africa, taking into account legislative and other measures already adopted;

5. Authorizes the Intergovernmental Group to take action to promote public awareness of the oil embargo against South Africa, including, when necessary, sending missions and participating in relevant conferences and meetings;

6. Requests the Intergovernmental Group to submit to the General Assembly at its forty-sixth session a report on the implementation of the present resolution;

7. Requests all States to extend their co-operation to the Intergovernmental Group in the implementation of the present resolution, including submission of proposals for strengthening the mechanism to monitor the supply and shipment of oil and petroleum products to South Africa;

8. Requests the Secretary-General to provide the Intergovernmental Group with all necessary assistance for the implementation of the present resolution.

G

Support for the work of the Commission against Apartheid in Sports

1. Takes note of the report of the Commission against Apartheid in Sports;

2. Calls upon the States that have signed the International Convention against Apartheid in Sports to ratify it and also calls upon other States to accede to it as soon as possible;

3. Commends those Governments, organizations and individual sportsmen and sportswomen who have taken action in accordance with the Register of Sports Contacts with South Africa with a view to achieving the total isolation of apartheid in sports;

4. Requests the Special Committee against Apartheid to continue issuing the Register of Sports Contacts with South Africa;

5. Calls upon those international sports organizations and federations which have not yet expelled South Africa or suspended its membership to do so without further delay;

6. Calls upon all Governments and sports organizations to maintain the sports boycott of South Africa until profound and irreversible changes take place in that country;

7. Urges Governments and the international sporting community to assist the non-racial sports movement in South Africa to redress the structural inequalities created and sustained by the apartheid State;

8. Requests the Secretary-General to provide the Commission against Apartheid in Sports with all needed assistance.

H

United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa

1. Endorses the report of the Secretary-General on the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa;

2. Decides, in view of the independence of Namibia, to delete paragraph (e) of the terms of reference of the Trust Fund;

3. Expresses its appreciation to the Governments, organizations and individuals that have contributed to the Trust Fund and to the voluntary agencies engaged in rendering humanitarian and legal assistance to the victims of apartheid and racial discrimination in South Africa;

4. Appeals for generous contributions to the Trust Fund;

5. Also appeals for direct contributions to the voluntary agencies engaged in rendering assistance to the victims of apartheid and racial discrimination in South Africa;

6. Commends the Secretary-General and the Committee of Trustees of the Trust Fund for their persistent efforts to promote humanitarian and legal assistance to persons persecuted under repressive and discriminatory legislation in South Africa, as well as assistance to their families and to refugees from South Africa.