Kazakhstan

Annual Reports 310
Bilateral Treaties/Agreements 1
Case Law 21
Chronologies of Events 2
Commentaries 2
Compilations 1
Concluding Observations 7
Conference Reports 4
Country Briefing Folders 3
Country News 2,096
Country Operations Plans 6
Country Profiles 4
Country Reports 130
Country/Situation Specific Position Papers 1
Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae 1
Fact Finding Reports 1
International Legal Instruments 1
Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries 5
Maps 3
Mission Reports 4
National Decrees, Circulars, Regulation, Policy Documents 14
National Legislation 26
Query Responses 123
Regional Reports 12
Research, Background and Discussion Papers 1
Sessional Reports 6
Speeches/Statements 7
States Parties Reports 15
Thematic Reports 16

1951 Refugee Convention 1
Abduction 5
Abuse of psychiatry 20
Access to procedures 5
Accession 1
Administrative law 3
Adoption 1
Age discrimination 2
Agents of persecution 1
Ahmadis 21
Airports 2
Aliens 4
Anti-terrorism law 11
Appeal / Right to appeal 3
Arbitrary arrest and detention 88
Armed forces / Military 36
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 33
Armenian 1
Assyrians 2
Asylum policy 6
Asylum-migration nexus 2
Asylum-seekers 35
Atheist / Agnostic 6
Azeri 2
Baha'i 12
Bail 2
Baptist 89
Belarusians 1
Border conflict 12
Border controls 7
Border crossers 3
Buddhist 13
Cancellation 1
Catholic 18
Ceasefire 3
Cessation clauses 3
Chechen 7
Child labour 38
Child prostitution 17
Child soldiers 3
Children's rights 63
Children-at-risk 30
Chinese 1
Christian 96
Christian Scientist 7
Citizenship / Nationality law 20
Civil and political rights 36
Civil war 2
Communal conflict / Social conflict 13
Conflict resolution 2
Conflict situation 5
Constitutional law 2
Contemporary forms of slavery 6
Convention against Torture (CAT) 3
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 2
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 2
Copts 1
Corruption 79
Cossacks 1
Country of origin information (COI) 5
Coup d'état 3
Crimean Tatars 1
Criminal justice 111
Death in custody 4
Death penalty 15
Democracy 13
Denial of refugee status 7
Deportation / Forcible return 50
Disappeared persons 27
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 59
Domestic violence 13
Drug trafficking 7
Economic, social and cultural rights 30
Effective protection 2
Effective remedy 9
Election law 2
Elections 120
Emergency legislation 2
Emigrants 8
Entry / Exit 1
Equal opportunities 1
Equality before the law 10
Evangelical 6
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 2
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 1
Exiles 9
Expulsion 5
Extradition 61
Extrajudicial executions 27
Extreme poverty 2
False documents 2
Falun Gong 1
Forced labour 45
Forced marriage 4
Forced relocation 2
Forced sterilization / Abortion 2
Foreign occupation 2
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 78
Freedom of assembly and association 161
Freedom of conscience 19
Freedom of expression 581
Freedom of information 264
Freedom of movement 25
Freedom of religion 451
Freedom of speech 181
Gender discrimination 30
Gender mainstreaming 1
Gender-based persecution 1
Germans 4
Good governance 40
HIV and AIDS 23
Hare Krishna 50
Harmful traditional practices 1
Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 46
Hui 1
Human Rights Council 10
Human rights activists 102
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 81
Human rights law 2
Human rights monitors 33
Humanitarian assistance 2
Illegal entry 3
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 3
Illegitimate children 1
Immigrants 1
Immigration Detention 6
Immigration law 5
Immunity 2
Impunity 22
Independence of judiciary 32
Indigenous persons 3
Internal armed conflict 9
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 4
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED) 1
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 5
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 2
International armed conflict 3
International criminal law 1
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 3
International protection 3
Involuntary repatriation 1
Jehovah's Witness 56
Jew 18
Kazakhs 23
Koreans 3
Kurd 4
Labour law 2
Laws relating to religion 49
Legal representation / Legal aid 4
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 25
Lutheran 12
Maternal and child health care 5
Mennonite 10
Mental health 4
Methodist 13
Migrant rights 13
Migrants 37
Military courts 1
Military operations 14
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 20
Minorities 70
Minority rights 12
Mormon 10
Muslim 131
National security / Public order 22
New Life Church 2
Non-refoulement 11
Non-state agents of persecution 3
Opposition 175
Orthodox Christian 24
Passports 10
Peace agreements 4
Peace process 8
Pentecostal 18
Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 12
Persecution based on nationality 1
Persecution based on political opinion 45
Persecution of family members 3
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 17
Persons with disabilities 16
Police 46
Political asylum 6
Political groups 19
Political parties 61
Political situation 177
Polygamy 2
Population transfers 1
Pre-trial detention 30
Presbyterian 28
Prevention of discrimination 6
Prison or detention conditions 81
Proof of nationality 2
Prosecution vs persecution 19
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 12
Protection of civilian persons in time of war 2
Protestant 56
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 103
Public health 11
Racial / Ethnic persecution 24
Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 1
Readmission 7
Referendum 5
Refoulement 6
Refugee / Asylum law 11
Refugee identity documents 2
Refugee seamen 1
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 5
Refugee travel documents / CTDs 1
Refugees 41
Registration 14
Reintegration 1
Rejected asylum-seekers 2
Rejection at border 1
Religious discrimination 207
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 58
Resettlement 3
Residence permits / Residency 4
Return conditions 1
Returnees 2
Right to a nationality 6
Right to development 1
Right to education 16
Right to employment 34
Right to family life 4
Right to food 4
Right to health 3
Right to justice 2
Right to liberty and security 1
Right to life 7
Right to registration at birth 7
Right to seek asylum 6
Right to self-determination 11
Rights of non-citizens 1
Roma 1
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 43
Russians 32
Salafi 4
Sale of children 1
Sami 2
Sanctions 5
Scientologist 11
Security forces 24
Security situation 62
Seventh Day Adventist 18
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 32
Sexual and reproductive rights 4
Shabak 2
Shia 15
Shinto 1
Slavs 3
Smuggling of persons 4
Social group discrimination 15
Social group persecution 1
State of emergency 6
State protection 5
Statelessness 38
Statelessness Determination Procedures 18
Sufi 13
Sunni 45
Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 7
Tajik 3
Tatars 7
Terrorism 137
Threats / Intimidation 5
Torture 51
Trafficking in persons 69
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 6
Travel documents 7
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 1
Turkmen 2
Uighur 30
Ukrainians 1
Unaccompanied / Separated children 2
Unification Church 7
Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 10
Uzbek 18
Visas 11
Voluntary repatriation 3
Withdrawal of nationality 3
Witnesses 2
Women's rights 42
Women-at-risk 15
Work permits 1
Yazīdī 2

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Campaign Update, April 2020 - June 2020 16 July 2020 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Country News
High-Level Segment on Statelessness: Results and Highlights May 2020 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Thematic Reports
Campaign Update, January 2020 - March 2020 22 April 2020 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Country News
Campaign Update, October 2019 - December 2019 20 January 2020 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Country News
CASE OF N.M. v. RUSSIA (Application no. 29343/18) The Court applied the relevant general principles established in its jurisprudence in the case of F.G. v. Sweden (no. 43611/11) and in the context of removals from Russia to Central Asian States in Mamazhonov v. Russia (no. 17239/13): a) When examining the existence of substantial grounds for believing that the applicant faces a real risk of ill-treatment, the Court recalled that individuals whose extradition was sought by the Uzbek authorities on charges of religiously or politically motivated crimes constituted vulnerable groups facing a real risk of treatment contrary to Article 3 of the Convention in the event of their removal to Uzbekistan. The Court found that the applicant was accused of religiously motivated crimes on the basis of documents from the Uzbek authorities. It further considered that the Russian authorities had at their disposal sufficiently substantiated complaints pointing to a real risk of ill-treatment (§15-18). b) With respect to the duty to assess claims of a real risk of ill-treatment through reliance on sufficient relevant material, the Court concluded that the Russian authorities failed to assess the applicant’s claim adequately. The Court paid particular attention to the fact that domestic authorities did not carry out a rigorous scrutiny of the applicant’s and to the national courts’ simplistic rejections of the applicant’s claims (§19-21). c) On the existence of a real risk of ill-treatment or danger to life in their countries of origin, the Court reiterated that it has consistently concluded that the removal of an applicant charged with religiously motivated crimes in Uzbekistan exposes that applicant to a real risk of ill-treatment there (see for example: T.M. and Others v. Russia, no. 31189/15) (§22-23). 3 December 2019 \| Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment \| Countries: Kazakhstan - Russian Federation - Uzbekistan
Joint Conclusions of the 2nd Regional Conference on the Right to Legal Identity and Prevention of Statelessness: Leaving No One Behind at Birth 6 September 2019 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Conference Reports
Campaign Update, April - June 2019 July 2019 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Country News
Kazakhstan: Order No. 125 On the Approval of Regulation of the State Service "Issue of the Travel Document of the Refugee" 20 February 2019 \| Publisher: National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities \| Document type: National Decrees, Circulars, Regulation, Policy Documents
UNHCR Submission for the Universal Periodic Review – Kazakhstan – UPR 34th Session 2019 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Country Reports
Kazakh activist jailed on charges of misinforming investigators 10 December 2018 \| Publisher: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \| Document type: Country News

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