UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees was established on December 14, 1950, by the United Nations General Assembly. The agency is mandated to lead and co-ordinate international action to protect refugees and resolve refugee problems worldwide. Its primary purpose is to safeguard the rights and well-being of refugees. It strives to ensure that everyone can exercise the right to seek asylum and find safe refuge in another State, with the option to return home voluntarily, integrate locally or to resettle in a third country.
In more than five decades, the agency has helped an estimated 50 million people restart their lives. UNHCR now has more than 16,803 personnel and work in a total of 134 countries to help 70.8 million persons.
Website: www.unhcr.org- Annual Protection Reports 2
- Annual Reports 541
- Bilateral Treaties/Agreements 5
- Case Law Compilations/Analyses 19
- Chronologies of Events 88
- Commentaries 339
- Comments on Concluding Observations 2
- Comments on National Legislation 220
- Compilations 143
- Concluding Observations 8
- Conclusions on International Protection 3
- Conference Reports 100
- Country Briefing Folders 15
- Country News 1,842
- Country Operations Plans 456
- Country Profiles 30
- Country Reports 508
- Country/Situation Specific Position Papers 273
- Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae 181
- Decisions 2
- General Comments/Recommendations 48
- Handbooks/Manuals 242
- International Legal Instruments 6
- Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries 387
- Legislative History / Travaux Préparatoires 16
- Maps 2,184
- Memoranda 3
- Memoranda of Understanding 50
- Mission Reports 3
- Multilateral Treaties/Agreements 114
- National Legislation Compilations/Analyses 1
- Notes on International Protection 100
- Operational Guidelines 22
- Policy/Position Papers 187
- Query Responses 2
- Regional Reports 86
- Research, Background and Discussion Papers 562
- Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations 22
- Sessional Reports 250
- Speeches/Statements 285
- Statistics 4
- Thematic Guidelines 115
- Thematic Reports 282
- Training Manuals 65
- UNHCR Country Updates 931
- Afghanistan 464
- Albania 26
- Algeria 59
- Andorra 2
- Angola 61
- Anguilla 4
- Antigua and Barbuda 10
- Argentina 44
- Armenia 32
- Aruba 4
- Australia 79
- Austria 154
- Azerbaijan 23
- Bahamas 19
- Bahrain 18
- Bangladesh 106
- Barbados 17
- Belarus 30
- Belgium 48
- Belize 21
- Benin 33
- Bermuda 6
- Bhutan 11
- Bolivia 17
- Bosnia and Herzegovina 55
- Botswana 10
- Brazil 39
- British Virgin Islands 8
- Brunei Darussalam 14
- Bulgaria 67
- Burkina Faso 70
- Burundi 210
- Cambodia 19
- Cameroon 138
- Canada 66
- Cape Verde 4
- Cayman Islands 6
- Central African Republic 286
- Chad 187
- Chile 27
- China 26
- Colombia 111
- Comoros 6
- Congo, Democratic Republic of the 379
- Congo, Republic of the 81
- Cook Islands 1
- Costa Rica 44
- Croatia 88
- Cuba 17
- Cyprus 12
- Czech Republic 32
- Côte d'Ivoire 147
- Denmark 48
- Djibouti 116
- Dominica 10
- Dominican Republic 17
- Ecuador 54
- Egypt 132
- El Salvador 46
- Equatorial Guinea 4
- Eritrea 152
- Estonia 24
- Eswatini 14
- Ethiopia 390
- Falkland Islands 1
- Fiji 3
- Finland 44
- France 70
- French Guiana 4
- Gabon 14
- Gambia 36
- Georgia 39
- Germany 61
- Ghana 48
- Greece 245
- Grenada 9
- Guadeloupe 6
- Guatemala 47
- Guinea 54
- Guinea-Bissau 21
- Guyana 11
- Haiti 31
- Honduras 41
- Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region of China) 2
- Hungary 107
- Iceland 17
- India 27
- Indonesia 43
- Iran, Islamic Republic of 152
- Iraq 672
- Ireland 35
- Israel 25
- Italy 110
- Jamaica 12
- Japan 35
- Jordan 209
- Kazakhstan 19
- Kenya 240
- Kiribati 6
- Korea, Democratic People's Republic of 4
- Korea, Republic of 18
- Kuwait 16
- Kyrgyzstan 42
- Lao People's Democratic Republic 9
- Latvia 18
- Lebanon 443
- Lesotho 7
- Liberia 109
- Libya 191
- Liechtenstein 7
- Lithuania 28
- Luxembourg 17
- Macau (Special Administrative Region of China) 1
- Madagascar 13
- Malawi 31
- Malaysia 50
- Maldives 2
- Mali 140
- Malta 27
- Marshall Islands 1
- Martinique 5
- Mauritania 100
- Mauritius 2
- Mexico 64
- Micronesia, Federated States of 2
- Moldova, Republic of 31
- Monaco 2
- Mongolia 5
- Montenegro 42
- Montserrat 2
- Morocco 40
- Mozambique 25
- Myanmar 172
- Namibia 18
- Nauru 16
- Nepal 40
- Netherlands 46
- Netherlands Antilles 4
- New Zealand 16
- Nicaragua 23
- Niger 132
- Nigeria 183
- North Macedonia 75
- Norway 40
- Oman 12
- Pakistan 143
- Palau 3
- Palestine, State of 24
- Panama 36
- Papua New Guinea 27
- Paraguay 17
- Peru 20
- Philippines 43
- Poland 45
- Portugal 21
- Puerto Rico 3
- Qatar 13
- Romania 54
- Russian Federation 65
- Rwanda 134
- Saint Kitts and Nevis 9
- Saint Lucia 10
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8
- Samoa 2
- San Marino 1
- Sao Tome and Principe 3
- Saudi Arabia 20
- Senegal 37
- Serbia 142
- Seychelles 1
- Sierra Leone 52
- Singapore 1
- Slovakia 37
- Slovenia 46
- Solomon Islands 4
- Somalia 537
- South Africa 42
- South Sudan 580
- Spain 37
- Sri Lanka 62
- Sudan 337
- Suriname 10
- Sweden 70
- Switzerland 72
- Syrian Arab Republic 1,155
- Tajikistan 29
- Tanzania, United Republic of 138
- Thailand 81
- Timor-Leste (East Timor) 14
- Togo 45
- Tonga 2
- Trinidad and Tobago 7
- Tunisia 67
- Turkey 298
- Turkmenistan 25
- Turks and Caicos Islands 5
- Tuvalu 2
- U.S. Virgin Islands 4
- Uganda 321
- Ukraine 241
- United Arab Emirates 15
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 104
- United States of America 112
- Uruguay 29
- Uzbekistan 20
- Vanuatu 2
- Venezuela 31
- Viet Nam 19
- Western Sahara Territory 16
- Yemen 322
- Zambia 57
- Zimbabwe 29
- 1951 Refugee Convention 150
- 1969 OAU Convention 16
- 1984 Cartagena Declaration 5
- Abduction 21
- Access to procedures 109
- Access to water 60
- Accession 3
- Acholi 1
- Administrative courts 2
- Administrative law 4
- Admission quotas 1
- Adoption 2
- Afars 4
- Africans 4
- Afro-Colombians 2
- Age discrimination 9
- Agents of persecution 2
- Ahmadis 3
- Airports 4
- Albanians 1
- Albinism/Persons with Albinism 14
- Aliens 7
- Anti-terrorism law 2
- Appeal / Right to appeal 8
- Arabs 1
- Arbitrary arrest and detention 102
- Armed attacks on camps 19
- Armed forces / Military 25
- Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 69
- Armenian 6
- Arrival 43
- Ashkaelian 2
- Asylum policy 179
- Asylum-migration nexus 191
- Asylum-seekers 1,325
- Azeri 1
- Baha'i 3
- Bantu 1
- Bengalis 1
- Berber 4
- Bihari 1
- Blood feuds 3
- Border conflict 26
- Border controls 65
- Border crossers 115
- Buddhist 2
- Burakumin 1
- Burden of proof 13
- Burden-sharing and international co-operation 140
- Camp management 24
- Cancellation 5
- Capacity building of state institutions 73
- Carrier sanctions 1
- Ceasefire 10
- Cessation clauses 63
- Changes of circumstances in home country 12
- Chechen 6
- Child labour 12
- Child prostitution 6
- Child soldiers 39
- Children's rights 229
- Children-at-risk 380
- Chinese 1
- Christian 23
- Citizenship / Nationality law 92
- Civil and political rights 7
- Civil rights legislation 1
- Civil war 26
- Civilian character of asylum 16
- Climate change (including environmental migrants) 67
- Combatants / Former combatants 10
- Communal conflict / Social conflict 33
- Community development 31
- Complementary forms of protection 73
- Complementary pathways 7
- Complementary pathways 1
- Confidentiality 3
- Conflict prevention 6
- Conflict resolution 48
- Conflict situation 159
- Contemporary forms of slavery 4
- Convention Plus 41
- Convention against Torture (CAT) 2
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 3
- Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CPRD) 1
- Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 5
- Convention refugee 3
- Corruption 10
- Country of origin information (COI) 30
- Credibility assessment 19
- Crime prevention 2
- Crimean Tatars 2
- Crimes against humanity 29
- Crimes against peace 1
- Criminal justice 22
- Croats 1
- Customary law 1
- Czechs 2
- Darfuri 1
- Death in custody 1
- Death penalty 4
- Decision on admissibility 3
- Demobilization / Disarmament 3
- Democracy 4
- Denial of nationality 11
- Denial of refugee status 8
- Deportation / Forcible return 91
- Diplomatic assurances 2
- Disappeared persons 8
- Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 40
- Domestic violence 25
- Drug trafficking 3
- EU Qualification Directive 54
- Economic, social and cultural rights 24
- Effective protection 36
- Effective remedy 24
- Egyptians 3
- Election law 1
- Elections 18
- Entry / Exit 19
- Equal opportunities 7
- Equality before the law 10
- Eritreans 14
- Ethiopians 11
- Ethnic cleansing 1
- Evacuation 10
- Evangelical 4
- Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 16
- Exclusion clauses 62
- Exiles 15
- Expedited procedures 10
- Expulsion 22
- Extended definition 14
- Extradition 23
- Extrajudicial executions 9
- Extreme poverty 11
- False documents 1
- Family law 2
- Family reunification 102
- Female genital mutilation (FGM) 25
- Flight by land, air or sea 55
- Forced labour 4
- Forced marriage 11
- Forced relocation 5
- Foreign occupation 3
- Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 33
- Freedom of assembly and association 11
- Freedom of conscience 2
- Freedom of expression 20
- Freedom of information 10
- Freedom of movement 106
- Freedom of religion 15
- Freedom of speech 9
- Fulani 1
- Gang related violence 27
- Gender discrimination 76
- Gender mainstreaming 38
- Gender-based persecution 95
- Generalized violence 10
- Genocide 2
- Gio 1
- Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM) 1
- Global Compact on Refugees (GCR) 1
- Global Consultations on international protection 101
- Good governance 7
- Good offices 2
- Gross, systematic and large-scale 1
- Grounds for persecution 6
- Group / Prima facie determination 5
- HIV and AIDS 65
- Habitual residence 6
- Haitians 2
- Harmful traditional practices 23
- Hazara 6
- High Commissioner's Dialogue on Protection Challenges 36
- High Commissioner's Forum 33
- Hindu 7
- Hmong 2
- Honour killings 1
- Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 51
- Human Rights Council 83
- Human rights activists 20
- Human rights and fundamental freedoms 83
- Human rights law 26
- Human rights monitors 38
- Humanitarian assistance 1,414
- Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 5
- IDP camps 227
- Illegal entry 28
- Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 13
- Immigrants 12
- Immigration Detention 203
- Immigration control after entry 2
- Immigration law 40
- Immunity 1
- Impunity 3
- Inclusion clauses 5
- Income-generating projects 1
- Independence of judiciary 2
- Indigenous persons 18
- Integration 275
- Internal armed conflict 194
- Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 70
- Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 2,332
- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 1
- International Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers (ICRMW) 1
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 3
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 2
- International armed conflict 16
- International courts and tribunals 1
- International criminal law 7
- International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 18
- International protection 356
- Involuntary repatriation 8
- Jehovah's Witness 7
- Jew 1
- Jurisdiction 2
- Juvenile justice system 1
- Kachin 9
- Karen 5
- Kazakhs 1
- Koreans 1
- Kosovar 6
- Kuchi 2
- Kunama 4
- Kurd 10
- Labour law 4
- Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 12
- Law of the sea 6
- Laws relating to religion 7
- Legal representation / Legal aid 58
- Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 68
- Livelihoods 103
- Location of camps 404
- Malinke / Mandingo 2
- Mandate status 9
- Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 2
- Mass exodus 21
- Maternal and child health care 9
- Medical screening 1
- Memoranda of understanding (MOU) 3
- Mental harm 2
- Mental health 26
- Mentally disadvantaged persons 4
- Migrant rights 26
- Migrants 387
- Military operations 45
- Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 33
- Minorities 41
- Minority rights 7
- Mongols 1
- Montagnards 1
- Multiple nationality 4
- Muslim 48
- National security / Public order 24
- Naturalization 24
- Nomads 1
- Non-refoulement 197
- Non-self-governing territories 1
- Non-state agents of persecution 34
- Nuer 4
- Older persons 69
- One-child policy / Family planning 1
- Opposition 2
- Orderly return 14
- Oromo 1
- Palestinian 38
- Pashtun 2
- Passports 2
- Pastoralists 1
- Peace agreements 18
- Peace process 11
- Peacekeeping 15
- Pentecostal 4
- Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 4
- Persecution based on nationality 2
- Persecution based on political opinion 37
- Persecution of family members 15
- Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 55
- Persons not in need of international protection 69
- Persons of concern to UNHCR 336
- Persons with disabilities 88
- Piracy 2
- Police 13
- Political asylum 1
- Political groups 2
- Political parties 4
- Political situation 49
- Polygamy 1
- Population transfers 6
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 2
- Pre-entry procedures 4
- Pre-trial detention 10
- Prevention of discrimination 14
- Prison or detention conditions 83
- Proof of nationality 4
- Property restitution 12
- Prosecution vs persecution 3
- Prostitution / Commercial sex work 10
- Protection of camps 17
- Protection of civilian persons in time of war 74
- Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 2
- Public health 43
- Racial / Ethnic persecution 23
- Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 24
- Re-entry 1
- Readmission 3
- Reception 174
- Reconciliation 18
- Referendum 6
- Refoulement 65
- Refugee / Asylum law 323
- Refugee camps 627
- Refugee identity documents 28
- Refugee seamen 152
- Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 269
- Refugee travel documents / CTDs 5
- Refugees 4,415
- Refugees sur place 8
- Regional instruments 38
- Registration 87
- Reintegration 37
- Rejected asylum-seekers 19
- Rejection at border 13
- Religious discrimination 15
- Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 34
- Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 122
- Resettlement 410
- Residence permits / Residency 39
- Return conditions 157
- Returnees 478
- Right to a nationality 109
- Right to development 26
- Right to education 141
- Right to employment 43
- Right to family life 44
- Right to food 33
- Right to health 58
- Right to justice 7
- Right to liberty and security 12
- Right to life 4
- Right to registration at birth 94
- Right to return 12
- Right to seek asylum 55
- Right to self-determination 3
- Rights of non-citizens 17
- Rohingya (Arakanese) 81
- Roma 25
- Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 52
- Rwandans 2
- Sabean Mandean 2
- Safe country of origin 28
- Safe third country 75
- Saharawis 12
- Sale of children 1
- Sami 1
- Secondary movement 102
- Security forces 20
- Security situation 321
- Serb 4
- Serious non-political crime 6
- Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 242
- Sexual and reproductive rights 16
- Shabak 7
- Sharia law 6
- Shia 12
- Sikh 5
- Single heads of household 1
- Single procedure 25
- Sinhalese 3
- Smuggling of persons 85
- Social group discrimination 20
- Social group persecution 64
- Somalis 101
- Spontaneous return 14
- Standard of proof 7
- State of emergency 8
- State protection 23
- Statelessness 708
- Statelessness Determination Procedures 44
- Stowaways 10
- Sufi 2
- Sunni 5
- Sur place persecution 3
- Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 33
- Suspensive effect 2
- Tajik 2
- Tamil 6
- Temporary admission 10
- Temporary protection 27
- Territorial asylum 20
- Terrorism 58
- Threats / Intimidation 1
- Tibetan 1
- Torture 10
- Trafficking in persons 182
- Transgression of social / cultural norms 4
- Transit 14
- Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 5
- Travel documents 24
- Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 87
- Tuareg 3
- Turkmen 10
- UNHCR mandate 66
- Ukrainians 9
- Unaccompanied / Separated children 260
- Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 344
- Urban refugees 97
- Uzbek 5
- Visas 12
- Voluntary repatriation 345
- War crimes 6
- Well-founded fear of persecution 15
- Withdrawal of nationality 4
- Women's rights 81
- Women-at-risk 212
- Work permits 4
- Yazīdī 17
- Zoroastrian 2
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