Albania

Annual Reports 226
Bilateral Treaties/Agreements 2
Case Law 100
Case Law Compilations/Analyses 1
Chronologies of Events 1
Commentaries 2
Comments on Concluding Observations 2
Comments on National Legislation 1
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Country Reports 179
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Fact Finding Reports 1
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National Legislation 25
National Legislation Compilations/Analyses 1
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Query Responses 478
Regional Reports 9
Research, Background and Discussion Papers 4
Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations 7
Sessional Reports 3
Speeches/Statements 3
States Parties Reports 37
Thematic Reports 8

1951 Refugee Convention 2
Abduction 18
Access to procedures 5
Administrative courts 2
Age discrimination 1
Airports 2
Albanians 3
Aliens 1
Appeal / Right to appeal 4
Arbitrary arrest and detention 43
Armed attacks on camps 5
Armed forces / Military 29
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 41
Arrival 2
Ashkaelian 1
Asylum policy 14
Asylum-migration nexus 3
Asylum-seekers 40
Baha'i 10
Blood feuds 48
Border conflict 2
Border controls 10
Border crossers 5
Bosnian 1
Buddhist 2
Bulgarians 1
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 1
Capacity building of state institutions 1
Catholic 21
Ceasefire 13
Changes of circumstances in home country 1
Chechen 5
Child labour 31
Child prostitution 18
Child soldiers 8
Children's rights 71
Children-at-risk 44
Christian 33
Citizenship / Nationality law 13
Civil and political rights 4
Civil war 8
Communal conflict / Social conflict 10
Community development 1
Complementary forms of protection 4
Conflict resolution 3
Conflict situation 4
Constitutional law 5
Contemporary forms of slavery 1
Convention against Torture (CAT) 4
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 6
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 1
Convention refugee 1
Copts 6
Corruption 58
Country of origin information (COI) 8
Coup d'état 2
Credibility assessment 7
Crimes against humanity 1
Criminal justice 44
Customary law 1
Death in custody 3
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Decision on admissibility 1
Democracy 8
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Deportation / Forcible return 13
Diplomatic assurances 1
Disappeared persons 31
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 79
Domestic violence 53
Drug trafficking 7
Economic, social and cultural rights 29
Effective protection 7
Effective remedy 7
Egyptians 9
Election law 4
Elections 83
Emigrants 2
Entry / Exit 6
Equal opportunities 1
Equality before the law 7
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Evangelical 5
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 11
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Extrajudicial executions 31
Extreme poverty 1
False documents 8
Family law 1
Family reunification 4
Female genital mutilation (FGM) 5
Flight by land, air or sea 2
Forced labour 36
Forced marriage 10
Forced sterilization / Abortion 1
Foreign occupation 2
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 72
Freedom of assembly and association 65
Freedom of expression 116
Freedom of information 39
Freedom of movement 29
Freedom of religion 59
Freedom of speech 30
Fulani 5
Gang related violence 6
Gender discrimination 34
Gender-based persecution 14
Genocide 1
Good governance 24
Greeks 11
Gross, systematic and large-scale 1
Grounds for persecution 4
HIV and AIDS 9
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Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 23
Human Rights Council 7
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Human rights and fundamental freedoms 75
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Humanitarian assistance 15
Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 1
IDP camps 3
Illegal entry 2
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 5
Illegitimate children 1
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Immigration Detention 6
Immigration law 8
Immunity 1
Impunity 21
Independence of judiciary 30
Indigenous persons 2
Integration 4
Internal armed conflict 16
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 13
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 16
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (CPED) 1
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 3
International Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers (ICRMW) 1
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 3
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 5
International armed conflict 1
International courts and tribunals 1
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 1
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Iranians 2
Jehovah's Witness 13
Jew 3
Jurisdiction 1
Juvenile justice system 2
Kosovar 8
Kurd 14
Labour law 3
Legal representation / Legal aid 5
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 67
Location of camps 1
Macedonians 6
Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 1
Mass exodus 1
Maternal and child health care 1
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Mental health 8
Mentally disadvantaged persons 3
Migrant rights 9
Migrants 24
Military courts 8
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Minorities 45
Minority rights 19
Montenegrin 3
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Muslim 40
National security / Public order 3
Naturalization 2
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Non-state agents of persecution 15
Opposition 40
Orthodox Christian 14
Palestinian 10
Passports 9
Peace agreements 10
Peace process 3
Peacekeeping 12
Persecution based on nationality 1
Persecution based on political opinion 41
Persecution of family members 8
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 46
Persons not in need of international protection 2
Persons with disabilities 14
Police 59
Political asylum 3
Political groups 5
Political parties 48
Political situation 58
Pre-entry procedures 1
Pre-trial detention 8
Prevention of discrimination 4
Prison or detention conditions 49
Proof of nationality 1
Property restitution 11
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 16
Protection of civilian persons in time of war 9
Protestant 10
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 29
Public health 10
Racial / Ethnic persecution 27
Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 2
Readmission 1
Reception 4
Reconciliation 9
Referendum 5
Refoulement 2
Refugee / Asylum law 5
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Refugee seamen 1
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 2
Refugees 62
Regional instruments 3
Registration 2
Reintegration 1
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Religious discrimination 24
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 23
Resettlement 3
Residence permits / Residency 9
Return conditions 4
Returnees 5
Right to a nationality 15
Right to development 1
Right to education 12
Right to employment 15
Right to family life 9
Right to food 2
Right to health 9
Right to justice 4
Right to leave 4
Right to liberty and security 1
Right to life 4
Right to registration at birth 9
Right to return 4
Right to seek asylum 1
Right to self-determination 7
Rights of non-citizens 3
Roma 62
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 24
Safe country of origin 11
Safe third country 8
Sale of children 3
Sami 2
Secondary movement 3
Security forces 31
Security situation 43
Serb 4
Serious non-political crime 1
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 68
Sexual and reproductive rights 3
Shia 26
Single heads of household 1
Single procedure 1
Small arms 1
Smuggling of persons 4
Social group discrimination 15
Social group persecution 25
Spontaneous return 2
Standard of proof 2
State of emergency 6
State protection 48
Statelessness 13
Statelessness Determination Procedures 2
Sufi 10
Sunni 19
Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 26
Tamil 3
Temporary protection 3
Terrorism 66
Threats / Intimidation 3
Tibetan 6
Torture 13
Trafficking in persons 118
Transgression of social / cultural norms 1
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 2
Travel documents 5
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 2
Tuareg 1
Uighur 3
Unaccompanied / Separated children 14
Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 11
Visas 10
Vlachs 4
Voluntary repatriation 3
War crimes 3
Well-founded fear of persecution 8
Widowed persons 4
Withdrawal of nationality 1
Witnesses 3
Women's rights 65
Women-at-risk 41
Work permits 1
Yazīdī 2

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UNHCR Comments for the Parliament of the Republic of Albania on the Draft Law on Aliens March 2021 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Comments on National Legislation
Albania: Law No. 10/2021 on Asylum in the Republic of Albania 1 February 2021 \| Publisher: National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities \| Document type: National Legislation
Campaign Update, July 2020 - September 2020 14 October 2020 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Country News
Albania: LAW No. 113/2020 ON CITIZENSHIP 29 July 2020 \| Publisher: National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities \| Document type: National Legislation
High-Level Segment on Statelessness: Results and Highlights May 2020 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Thematic Reports
DC (trafficking: protection/human rights appeals) Albania [2019] UKUT 00351 (IAC) In the light of the judgment of Flaux LJ in Secretary of State for the Home Department v MS (Pakistan) [2018] EWCA Civ 594 and subsequent decisions of the Upper Tribunal and Administrative Court, a tribunal deciding a protection or human rights appeal, which concerns alleged trafficking within the scope of the Council of Europe Convention on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings and decisions of the Competent Authority (CA) under the United Kingdom’s National Referral Mechanism, should proceed as follows: (a) In a protection appeal, the “reasonable grounds” or “conclusive grounds” decision of the CA will be part of the evidence that the tribunal will have to assess in reaching its decision on that appeal, giving the CA’s decision such weight as is due, bearing in mind that the standard of proof applied by the CA in a “conclusive grounds” decision was the balance of probabilities. (b) In a human rights appeal, a finding by the tribunal that the CA has failed to reach a rational decision on whether the appellant has been the victim of trafficking, such as to be eligible for leave to remain in the United Kingdom for that reason alone, may lead the tribunal to allow the human rights appeal, on the basis that removing the appellant at this stage would be a disproportionate interference with the appellant’s Article 8 ECHR rights. This scenario is, however, of narrow ambit and is unlikely to be much encountered in practice. (c) In a human rights appeal, the question whether the appellant has been the victim of trafficking may be relevant to the issue of whether the appellant’s removal would breach the ECHR, even where it is not asserted there is a trafficking-related risk of harm in the country of proposed return and irrespective of what is said in sub-paragraph (b) above: e.g. where the fact of trafficking may have caused the appellant physical or psychological harm. Here, as in sub-paragraph (a) above, the CA’s decision on past trafficking will be part of the evidence to be assessed by the tribunal. 13 November 2019 \| Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Standard of proof - Trafficking in persons \| Countries: Albania - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
UNHCR Comments on the Draft Law on Asylum in the Republic of Albania October 2019 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Comments on National Legislation
UNHCR Comments on the Draft Law on Citizenship in the Republic of Albania October 2019 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Comments on National Legislation
UNHCR Submission on Albania: 33rd UPR Session May 2019 \| Publisher: UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) \| Document type: Commentaries
BF (Tirana – gay men) Albania [2019] UKUT 0093 (IAC) Whether there is a sufficiency of protection from harm by the state for the appellant in his home area in Albania and if not whether there is protection available for him in Tirana or elsewhere. If it is, whether it is reasonably open to the appellant to relocate to Tirana (or elsewhere) in the light of his sexual orientation as a gay man. 26 March 2019 \| Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Country of origin information (COI) - Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) \| Countries: Albania - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

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