According to UNHCR estimates, statelessness affects millions of people worldwide, at least 700,000 of which are in West and Central Africa. There are many factors contributing to the risk of statelessness in the region, which suggest that the population at risk is very large.

Mixed movements refer to complex population flows: people using the same routes and modes of transportation to travel, but moving for different reasons, and with different needs. In these flows, refugees move alongside people fleeing financial hardship. West and Central Africa is a place of complex mixed movements, inside the region or from the region to other parts of the world, such as Europe through the Central Mediterranean route.