Mozambique

Overview

Mozambique is exposed to extreme climatic conditions and hazards such as cyclones, storms, and flash floods. Drought also occurs, primarily in the southern region. The recurrence of these events has had detrimental effects on food security and nutrition. The country is also battling a domestic insurgency in its northern province of Cabo Delgado which is rich in liquified gas.

In 2019, Mozambique was hit by two tropical cyclones in the same season for the first time in recorded history, resulting in widespread destruction. Some 2 million people were affected overall. Tropical Cyclone Idai made landfall on the city of Beira, central Mozambique on 14 March with sustained wind of up to 185km/h and torrential rains affecting Sofala, Zambezia, Tete and Manica provinces. In Mozambique, Cyclone Idai affected 1.85 million people and killed over 600. It destroyed over 200,000 houses, classrooms and facilities and severely damaged road infrastructure. A cholera outbreak and increased cases of malaria were reported. Tropical Cyclone Kenneth made landfall on 25 April 2019, about 100km north of Pemba city, Cabo Delgado province, killing 45 people and leaving 374,000 in need of assistance. The districts of Macomia, Ibo and Quissanga were the most severely impacted. At least 19 health posts were destroyed, and an outbreak of cholera was declared on 1 May. The impact on food security and livelihoods will affect the population in the long term, due to extensive damage to crops right before the harvest due in March-April as well as loss of goods in markets, seeds and tools. ?

The northern province of Cabo Delgado has been affected by a suspected Islamist insurgency since October 2017, with violent attacks displacing thousands of people and counter-attacks by the Government leading to human rights abuses. The existence of liquified gas in the area makes it a hub for exploration companies and foreign nationals, increasing security concerns in the region.

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