South Asia

Operational Environment and Response in 2019

While not signatories to the 1951 Convention, the Governments of India, Nepal and Sri Lanka continue to offer asylum to a considerable number of refugees. The projected number of people of concern in the sub-region in 2019 stands at more than 260,000 people, with some 211,000 refugees and 5,000 returned refugees.
 
The main protection challenges faced by refugees in the sub-region, in particular urban refugees, include the lack of sustainable livelihoods; limited access to services including specialized services for persons with specific needs; and the absence of frameworks allowing for temporary stay and protection.  UNHCR continues to provide protection and assistance, focusing on the most vulnerable — women, children, elderly, survivors of sexual and gender-based violence and people with specific needs.
 
UNHCR continues to pursue solutions for Bhutanese refugees in Nepal and Sri Lankan refugees in Tamil Nadu, India. With the last resettlement departures of Bhutanese refugees having taken place at the end of 2018, UNHCR is working with local and national authorities and the refugee community to build self-reliance and enhance inclusion of refugees in social protection services. UNHCR is also reaching out to development partners to encourage investment in refugee hosting areas which have for decades supported the refugees.
 
UNHCR continues to facilitate repatriation by air to Sri Lanka, but is prepared to provide additional support should an agreement be reached to resume ferry services, which would allow for an increased number of refugees to return with more belongings.