Afghanistan

Annual Protection Reports 5
Annual Reports 434
Bilateral Treaties/Agreements 2
Case Law 457
Case Law Compilations/Analyses 1
Chronologies of Events 30
Commentaries 14
Compilations 3
Concluding Observations 4
Conference Reports 5
Country Briefing Folders 2
Country News 5,121
Country Operations Plans 7
Country Profiles 25
Country Reports 853
Country/Situation Specific Position Papers 34
Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae 17
Fact Finding Reports 6
General Comments/Recommendations 1
Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries 19
Legislative History / Travaux Préparatoires 1
Maps 185
Memoranda of Understanding 10
Mission Reports 9
Multilateral Treaties/Agreements 11
National Decrees, Circulars, Regulation, Policy Documents 41
National Legislation 21
Operational Guidelines 1
Policy/Position Papers 7
Presidential Statements 28
Query Responses 453
Regional Legislation 1
Regional Reports 13
Research, Background and Discussion Papers 18
Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations 122
Sessional Reports 2
Speeches/Statements 10
States Parties Reports 7
Statistics 1
Thematic Reports 114
UNHCR Country Updates 104

1951 Refugee Convention 11
Abduction 237
Abuse of psychiatry 2
Access to procedures 27
Access to water 24
Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations 4
Acts of persecution 1
Administrative courts 3
Administrative law 2
Adoption 1
Africans 4
Age discrimination 2
Agents of persecution 2
Ahmadis 7
Aimaq 2
Airports 11
Alawi 2
Albanians 6
Albinism/Persons with Albinism 8
Anti-terrorism law 26
Appeal / Right to appeal 20
Arabs 5
Arbitrary arrest and detention 182
Armed attacks on camps 23
Armed forces / Military 660
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 1,309
Arrival 11
Assyrians 2
Asylum policy 27
Asylum-migration nexus 24
Asylum-seekers 198
Atheist / Agnostic 1
Baha'i 20
Bail 1
Bajuni 1
Baluchis 3
Bedoon 2
Benefit of the doubt 2
Blood feuds 13
Border conflict 109
Border controls 34
Border crossers 28
Buddhist 32
Burden of proof 3
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 22
Camp management 4
Capacity building of state institutions 7
Carrier sanctions 2
Catholic 2
Ceasefire 118
Cessation clauses 13
Changes of circumstances in home country 18
Chechen 11
Child labour 71
Child prostitution 28
Child soldiers 82
Children's rights 240
Children-at-risk 242
Chin 1
Christian 130
Citizenship / Nationality law 9
Civil and political rights 42
Civil rights legislation 3
Civil war 61
Civilian character of asylum 3
Climate change (including environmental migrants) 6
Combatants / Former combatants 66
Communal conflict / Social conflict 79
Community development 4
Complementary forms of protection 43
Confidentiality 2
Conflict prevention 3
Conflict resolution 75
Conflict situation 243
Constitutional law 13
Contemporary forms of slavery 8
Convention Plus 6
Convention against Torture (CAT) 5
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 9
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 9
Convention refugee 4
Copts 10
Corruption 199
Country of origin information (COI) 59
Coup d'état 26
Credibility assessment 40
Crime prevention 3
Crimean Tatars 4
Crimes against humanity 34
Crimes against peace 2
Criminal justice 89
Customary law 4
Dalit 1
Death in custody 6
Death penalty 191
Decision on admissibility 3
Demobilization / Disarmament 41
Democracy 39
Denial of refugee status 5
Deportation / Forcible return 121
Derivative status 2
Diplomatic asylum 2
Disappeared persons 51
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 83
Domestic violence 92
Drug trafficking 120
Druze 4
EU Qualification Directive 15
Economic, social and cultural rights 72
Effective protection 9
Effective remedy 39
Election law 24
Elections 695
Embargo 3
Emergency legislation 1
Emigrants 1
Entry / Exit 9
Equal opportunities 5
Equality before the law 5
Ethiopians 4
Ethnic cleansing 2
Evacuation 6
Evangelical 1
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 60
Exceptional leave to remain (ELR) 4
Exclusion clauses 25
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 3
Exiles 9
Expedited procedures 1
Expulsion 25
Extended definition 2
Extradition 9
Extrajudicial executions 154
Extreme poverty 25
False documents 4
Falun Gong 3
Family law 3
Family reunification 34
Female genital mutilation (FGM) 23
Flight by land, air or sea 18
Forced labour 48
Forced marriage 106
Forced relocation 3
Foreign occupation 25
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 189
Freedom of assembly and association 211
Freedom of conscience 3
Freedom of expression 608
Freedom of information 304
Freedom of movement 74
Freedom of religion 184
Freedom of speech 205
Fresh / New claim 7
Fulani 8
Gang related violence 5
Gender discrimination 129
Gender mainstreaming 22
Gender-based persecution 63
Generalized violence 21
Genocide 2
Germans 1
Global Consultations on international protection 1
Good governance 268
Good offices 3
Gross, systematic and large-scale 4
Grounds for persecution 1
Group / Prima facie determination 3
HIV and AIDS 22
Habeas corpus 5
Han 1
Harmful traditional practices 50
Hazara 126
High Commissioner's Dialogue on Protection Challenges 2
High Commissioner's Forum 6
Hijacking 3
Hindu 61
Honour killings 48
Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 71
Human Rights Council 18
Human rights activists 117
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 263
Human rights courts 2
Human rights law 4
Human rights monitors 49
Humanitarian assistance 293
Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 5
IDP camps 24
Illegal entry 12
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 20
Illegitimate children 2
Immigrants 22
Immigration Detention 45
Immigration law 4
Immunity 12
Impunity 93
Income-generating projects 1
Independence of judiciary 37
Indigenous persons 9
Integration 17
Internal armed conflict 500
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 57
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 422
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 5
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 4
International armed conflict 90
International courts and tribunals 23
International criminal law 9
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 58
International protection 15
Involuntary repatriation 10
Ismaili 12
Jehovah's Witness 4
Jew 14
Jurisdiction 6
Juvenile justice system 10
Kachin 6
Khmer 1
Kuchi 16
Kurd 97
Labour law 2
Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 100
Laws relating to religion 3
Legal representation / Legal aid 13
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 115
Lhotshampas 1
Livelihoods 63
Location of camps 4
Mandate status 3
Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 2
Maronite 2
Mass exodus 2
Maternal and child health care 31
Mental health 15
Mentally disadvantaged persons 3
Mercenaries 1
Migrant rights 12
Migrants 183
Military courts 14
Military law 5
Military operations 474
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 73
Minorities 70
Minority rights 17
Mormon 1
Multiple nationality 3
Muslim 230
National security / Public order 33
Naturalization 2
Nepalis 1
Nomads 10
Non-refoulement 27
Non-state agents of persecution 76
Nuer 2
Nuristanis 5
Older persons 7
One-child policy / Family planning 5
Opposition 129
Orderly return 6
Palestinian 62
Panjshiris 3
Pashtun 61
Passports 31
Pastoralists 1
Peace agreements 108
Peace process 171
Peacekeeping 138
Pentecostal 2
Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 41
Persecution based on nationality 3
Persecution based on political opinion 195
Persecution of family members 22
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 79
Persons not in need of international protection 4
Persons of concern to UNHCR 14
Persons with disabilities 38
Physical harm 4
Piracy 2
Police 340
Political groups 69
Political parties 193
Political situation 786
Polygamy 6
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 6
Pre-entry procedures 5
Pre-trial detention 29
Prevention of discrimination 1
Prison or detention conditions 142
Prisoners of war 5
Proof of nationality 4
Property restitution 3
Prosecution vs persecution 6
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 17
Protection of camps 1
Protection of civilian persons in time of war 404
Protestant 4
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 193
Public health 87
Racial / Ethnic persecution 62
Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 6
Reception 42
Reconciliation 60
Referendum 33
Refoulement 22
Refugee / Asylum law 30
Refugee camps 68
Refugee identity documents 16
Refugee seamen 23
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 19
Refugee travel documents / CTDs 7
Refugees 598
Regional instruments 17
Registration 28
Reintegration 39
Rejected asylum-seekers 26
Rejection at border 10
Religious discrimination 92
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 160
Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 10
Resettlement 25
Residence permits / Residency 18
Return conditions 112
Returnees 246
Right to a nationality 2
Right to development 12
Right to education 163
Right to employment 41
Right to family life 38
Right to food 46
Right to health 72
Right to justice 32
Right to liberty and security 19
Right to life 16
Right to registration at birth 8
Right to return 10
Right to seek asylum 20
Right to self-determination 10
Rights of non-citizens 2
Rohingya (Arakanese) 24
Roma 12
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 164
Sabean Mandean 1
Safe country of origin 24
Safe third country 35
Salafi 15
Sale of children 12
Sanctions 24
Secondary movement 19
Security forces 389
Security situation 1,247
Serious non-political crime 3
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 253
Sexual and reproductive rights 15
Shabak 2
Shan 2
Sharia law 28
Shia 211
Sikh 50
Sindhis 1
Single heads of household 3
Single procedure 13
Small arms 8
Smuggling of persons 26
Social group discrimination 35
Social group persecution 43
Somalis 4
Spontaneous return 7
Standard of proof 6
State of emergency 38
State protection 46
Statelessness 14
Statelessness Determination Procedures 1
Sufi 13
Sunni 67
Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 18
Suspensive effect 1
Tajik 46
Tamil 14
Tatars 4
Temporary admission 8
Temporary protection 16
Terrorism 1,142
Threats / Intimidation 19
Tibetan 24
Tiv 2
Torture 56
Trafficking in persons 109
Transgression of social / cultural norms 9
Transit 8
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 38
Travel documents 2
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 16
Tuareg 7
Turkmen 19
UNHCR mandate 3
Uighur 57
Ukrainians 1
Unaccompanied / Separated children 85
Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 12
Unlawful departure 3
Urban refugees 12
Uzbek 26
Visas 34
Voluntary repatriation 190
War crimes 87
Well-founded fear of persecution 21
Widowed persons 1
Witchcraft 4
Withdrawal of nationality 1
Witnesses 4
Women's rights 528
Women-at-risk 210
Work permits 7
Yazīdī 12
Zomi (Chin) 1
Zoroastrian 3

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AFFAIRE KAAK ET AUTRES c. GRÈCE (Requête no 34215/16) The case concerned the conditions of detention of Syrian, Afghan and Palestinian nationals in the “hotspots” of Vial and Souda (Greece), and the lawfulness of their detention in those camps. The Court considered that the authorities had done all that could reasonably be expected of them in the Vial camp to meet the obligation to provide care and protection to unaccompanied minors. The other applicants had been transferred immediately – or within ten days – from the Vial camp to the Souda camp. The Court also held that the conditions of detention in the Souda camp did not amount to inhuman or degrading treatment. The Court reiterated its previous finding that a period of one month’s detention in the Vial camp should not be considered excessive, given the time needed to comply with the relevant administrative formalities. In addition, the length of the applicants’ detention once they had expressed their wish to apply for asylum had been relatively short. In contrast, the applicants, who did not have legal assistance, had not been able to understand the content of the information brochure; in particular, they were unable to understand the material relating to the various appeal possibilities available under domestic law. 3 October 2019 \| Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights \| Document type: Case Law \| Legal Instrument: 1950 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) \| Topic(s): Access to procedures - Arbitrary arrest and detention - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Legal representation / Legal aid - Right to liberty and security \| Countries: Afghanistan - Greece - Palestine, State of - Syrian Arab Republic
Arrêt n° 219 682 11 April 2019 \| Judicial Body: Belgium: Conseil du Contentieux des Etrangers \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Corruption - Credibility assessment - Security situation - Unaccompanied / Separated children \| Countries: Afghanistan - Belgium
Khan c. France (application no. 12267/16) violation of article 3 (prohibition of inhuman and degrading treatment). 28 February 2019 \| Judicial Body: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Refugee camps - Unaccompanied / Separated children \| Countries: Afghanistan - France - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Supreme Administrative Court decision of 7 February 2019 - KHO:2019:22 7 February 2019 \| Judicial Body: Finland: Supreme Administrative Court \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Changes of circumstances in home country - Mental health - Security situation \| Countries: Afghanistan - Finland - Iran, Islamic Republic of
Ra 2018/18/0533 The applicant is an Afghan national and member of the ethnic group of Hazaras who was born and raised in Iran. He lodged an application for international protection in Austria in July 2015 which was rejected in first instance in September 2017.The Federal Administrative Court dismissed his appeal on 03/09/2018, arguing that even though the applicant cannot return to Sar-e Pol (where his family was originally from), there was an IFA available in Kabul or Mazar-e Sharif. It elaborated that the applicant had already gathered professional experience, had grown up in an Afghan family and was native speaker of one of the official languages and concluded that the applicant was familiar with the cultural circumstances in Afghanistan. The Austrian Supreme Administrative Court annulled this decision. It stated that the Federal Administrative Court's conclusion that the applicant was familiar with the cultural circumstances in Afghanistan was not evidence-based and emphasized that that the applicant had explicitly contested this. Furthermore the Supreme Administrative Court criticized that the Federal Administrative Court did not take into account and analyse the UNHCR-Afghanistan guidelines. A respective obligation derives from the respective Austrian case law as well as from European Union Law. The Court emphasized that according to UNHCR there was in general no IFA available in Kabul and that the availability of an IFA in other cities was questionable and needed to be assessed in a thorough manner on a case-to-case basis. 13 December 2018 \| Judicial Body: Austria: Supreme Administrative Court (Verwaltungsgerichtshof) \| Document type: Case Law \| Topic(s): Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) \| Countries: Afghanistan - Austria - Iran, Islamic Republic of
Attacks across Afghanistan kill at least 31 11 December 2018 \| Publisher: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \| Document type: Country News
At least eight Afghan soldiers killed, nine captured in Taliban attack 9 December 2018 \| Publisher: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \| Document type: Country News
Family of Afghan boy of 'Messi' fame live in fear 8 December 2018 \| Publisher: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \| Document type: Country News
Three civilians killed in Afghan roadside bombing 8 December 2018 \| Publisher: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \| Document type: Country News
Taliban reportedly kill 14 Afghan troops, capture 21 in Herat province 7 December 2018 \| Publisher: Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty \| Document type: Country News

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