Case Law

8 September 2016 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) | Legal Instrument: 1951 Refugee Convention | Topic(s): Burden of proof - Crimes against humanity - Exclusion clauses | Countries: Iran, Islamic Republic of - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Heard at Manchester on 4 May 2011.

29 July 2011 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) | Topic(s): Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements - Complementary forms of protection - Crimes against humanity - Exclusion clauses - Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment - Persecution based on political opinion | Countries: Iran, Islamic Republic of - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

9 June 2011 | Judicial Body: Canada: Federal Court | Topic(s): Crimes against humanity - Exclusion clauses | Countries: Canada - Iran, Islamic Republic of

The case summary in English has been prepared in the framework of the Knowledge-Based Harmonisation of European Asylum Practices Project (2010-2012), co-financed by the European Refugee Fund.

20 May 2008 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Court of Appeal (England and Wales) | Topic(s): Armed forces / Military - Crimes against humanity - International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions - International protection - Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion - Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations - War crimes | Countries: Iran, Islamic Republic of - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

12 March 2007 | Judicial Body: United Kingdom: Asylum and Immigration Tribunal / Immigration Appellate Authority | Topic(s): Crimes against humanity - Exclusion clauses - International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion - War crimes | Countries: Iran, Islamic Republic of - United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

13 February 1992 | Judicial Body: New Zealand: Refugee Status Appeals Authority | Topic(s): Credibility assessment - Crimes against humanity - Exclusion clauses - Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription - Persecution based on political opinion | Countries: Iran, Islamic Republic of - New Zealand