Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights
The Court, based in Strasbourg, was set up as a result of the European Convention on Human Rights, created in 1950. This set out a catalogue of civil and political rights and freedoms. It allows people to lodge complaints against States which have signed up to the Convention for alleged violations of those rights. Although founded in 1950, the Court did not actually come into existence until 1959. It gained its present form as a single European Court of Human Rights when Protocol No. 11 to the ECHR took effect in 1998.
The Court is currently made up of 47 judges, one in principle for every State signed up to the Convention. They are elected by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and serve for six years. Judges sit on the Court as individuals and do not represent their country. Website: www.echr.coe.int/Pages/home.aspx?p=home
The Court is currently made up of 47 judges, one in principle for every State signed up to the Convention. They are elected by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe and serve for six years. Judges sit on the Court as individuals and do not represent their country. Website: www.echr.coe.int/Pages/home.aspx?p=home
- Albania 1
- Austria 1
- Belgium 3
- Bulgaria 1
- Denmark 1
- France 2
- Greece 2
- Malta 2
- North Macedonia 1
- Russian Federation 1
- Spain 1
- Sweden 1
- Turkey 1
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2
- Acts of persecution 1
- Adoption 1
- Anti-terrorism law 1
- Arbitrary arrest and detention 1
- Burden-sharing and international co-operation 1
- Children's rights 3
- Children-at-risk 1
- Citizenship / Nationality law 1
- Civil and political rights 1
- Criminal justice 4
- Death penalty 1
- Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 3
- Domestic violence 1
- Economic, social and cultural rights 1
- Equality before the law 1
- Expulsion 4
- Extradition 2
- Family reunification 1
- Female genital mutilation (FGM) 1
- Forced labour 1
- Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 1
- Freedom of assembly and association 1
- Freedom of conscience 2
- Freedom of expression 2
- Freedom of information 1
- Freedom of movement 1
- Freedom of religion 2
- Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 1
- Human rights and fundamental freedoms 2
- Human rights courts 2
- Human rights law 1
- Immigration Detention 1
- Internal armed conflict 1
- International armed conflict 1
- Jurisdiction 2
- Legal representation / Legal aid 1
- Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 4
- Mental health 2
- Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 2
- Non-refoulement 2
- Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 1
- Pre-trial detention 1
- Prevention of discrimination 1
- Prison or detention conditions 6
- Public health 3
- Reception 1
- Refoulement 2
- Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 1
- Regional instruments 4
- Religious discrimination 2
- Right to education 2
- Right to employment 1
- Right to family life 3
- Right to health 3
- Right to justice 1
- Right to liberty and security 1
- Roma 1
- Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 2
- Safe third country 1
- Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) 1
- Sexual and reproductive rights 3
- Single procedure 1
- Social group discrimination 1
- Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 1
- Suspensive effect 1
- Terrorism 4
- Trafficking in persons 2
- Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 1
- Unaccompanied / Separated children 1
- Women-at-risk 1
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