Title	Brief of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees before the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in the case INNOVATION LAW LAB, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. KEVIN M. MCALEENAN, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al. Defendant-Appellant.
Publisher	UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
Publication Date	26 June 2019
Country	United States of America
Topics	Non-refoulement
Related Document(s)	INNOVATION LAW LAB et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. KEVIN K. MCALEENAN, Acting Secretary of Homeland Security, in his official capacity, et al., Defendants-Appellants
Cite as	UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), Brief of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees before the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit in the case INNOVATION LAW LAB, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. KEVIN M. MCALEENAN, Secretary of Homeland Security, et al. Defendant-Appellant., 26 June 2019, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/5d82275b4.html [accessed 26 October 2019]
Comments	In addition to protecting individuals from being sent to a State where they would face persecution, the principle of non-refoulement protects refugees from being transferred to a State in which they might not face persecution, but from where that State would send the individual on to persecution in a third country, referred to here as “chain refoulement.” Case: 19-15716, 06/26/2019, ID: 11346192, DktEntry: 48, Page 11 of 31 5 The obligation to safeguard against refoulement of any kind applies to refugees and asylum-seekers alike, regardless of whether the individual has formally been recognized as a refugee. Ensuring adequate protections for asylum-seekers pending their applications and preventing their return to countries where they fear persecution are essential to upholding the central principle of non-refoulement.