Somalia

Armed conflict involving state security forces, African Union troops, and allied militias and the Islamist armed group Al-Shabab as well as clan fighting over resources and political power has resulted in numerous violations of the laws of war causing civilians casualties and large-scale displacement. Displaced populations remain vulnerable to sexual violence and forced evictions in government-controlled areas. The humanitarian situation has deteriorated, compounded by restrictions on humanitarian access imposed by Al-Shabab, local authorities and foreign counterterrorism regulations. Political maneuvering and infighting around the electoral process, including between the federal and regional authorities, largely detracted from progress in justice and security sector reform. Al-Shabab commits serious abuses in areas it controls while conducting increasingly deadly targeted attacks on civilians in government-controlled areas such as the capital, Mogadishu. Government security forces, African Union troops, and allied militias have been responsible for indiscriminate attacks, sexual violence and arbitrary arrests and detention.