Refworld | Case Law

1951 Refugee Convention 105
1969 OAU Convention 2
1984 Cartagena Declaration 1
Abduction 104
Abuse of psychiatry 1
Access to procedures 95
Acehnese 1
Acholi 1
Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations 24
Acts of persecution 30
Administrative courts 16
Administrative law 10
Adoption 8
Afars 1
Afro-Colombians 3
Age discrimination 1
Agents of persecution 25
Ahmadis 60
Ahwazi 1
Airports 41
Akan 1
Alawi 4
Albanians 7
Albinism/Persons with Albinism 3
Alevis 9
Aliens 4
Amhara 2
Amish 1
Anti-terrorism law 23
Apartheid 1
Appeal / Right to appeal 315
Arabs 5
Arbitrary arrest and detention 624
Armed forces / Military 87
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 152
Armenian 7
Arrival 31
Ashkaelian 6
Ashraf 5
Assyrians 8
Asylum policy 78
Asylum-migration nexus 5
Asylum-seekers 159
Atheist / Agnostic 1
Avars 1
Azeri 4
Baganda 1
Baha'i 6
Bail 27
Bajuni 6
Bantu 1
Banyamulenge 3
Baptist 2
Basques 1
Bedoon 9
Beja 2
Belarusians 2
Bellah 1
Benadiri 2
Benefit of the doubt 11
Berber 3
Berti 2
Bihari 7
Blood feuds 23
Border conflict 1
Border controls 9
Border crossers 2
Bosnian 5
Buddhist 20
Burden of proof 134
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 30
Cabinda 2
Cancellation 1
Carrier sanctions 5
Catholic 67
Ceasefire 21
Cessation clauses 61
Chakma 3
Chaldean 6
Changes of circumstances in home country 141
Chechen 66
Child labour 1
Child prostitution 2
Child soldiers 19
Children's rights 159
Children-at-risk 98
Chin 2
Chinese 20
Christian 360
Citizenship / Nationality law 68
Civil and political rights 23
Civil rights legislation 1
Civil war 12
Climate change (including environmental migrants) 6
Combatants / Former combatants 63
Communal conflict / Social conflict 3
Complementary forms of protection 248
Confidentiality 10
Conflict resolution 1
Conflict situation 27
Constitutional law 45
Contemporary forms of slavery 9
Convention against Torture (CAT) 112
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 4
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 15
Convention refugee 85
Copts 23
Corruption 35
Country of origin information (COI) 1,138
Coup d'état 10
Credibility assessment 946
Crime prevention 13
Crimes against humanity 342
Crimes against peace 3
Criminal justice 633
Croats 5
Cumulative grounds of persecution 10
Customary law 2
Dalit 2
Darfuri 6
Darod 4
Death in custody 1
Death penalty 62
Death squads 2
Decision on admissibility 111
Demobilization / Disarmament 4
Democracy 6
Denial of nationality 34
Denial of refugee status 422
Deportation / Forcible return 1,745
Dera Sacha Sauda 4
Derivative status 30
Dioula 3
Diplomatic assurances 43
Diplomatic asylum 3
Disappeared persons 49
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 247
Domestic violence 115
Drug trafficking 68
EU Qualification Directive 74
Economic, social and cultural rights 38
Effective protection 191
Effective remedy 214
Election law 2
Elections 40
Emergency legislation 2
Emigrants 1
Endorois 1
Entry / Exit 5
Equal opportunities 21
Equality before the law 30
Eritreans 7
Ethiopians 2
Ethnic cleansing 61
Evangelical 13
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 962
Exceptional leave to remain (ELR) 52
Exclusion clauses 219
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 73
Exiles 1
Expedited procedures 20
Expulsion 351
Extended definition 3
Extradition 153
Extrajudicial executions 26
Extreme poverty 5
False documents 56
Falun Gong 119
Family law 17
Family reunification 109
Female genital mutilation (FGM) 86
Fijians 1
Flight by land, air or sea 21
Forced labour 22
Forced marriage 54
Forced relocation 1
Forced sterilization / Abortion 19
Foreign occupation 1
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 1,132
Freedom of assembly and association 29
Freedom of conscience 24
Freedom of expression 222
Freedom of information 5
Freedom of movement 47
Freedom of religion 106
Freedom of speech 178
Fresh / New claim 73
Fulani 1
Fur 3
Ga 1
Gagauz 1
Gang related violence 36
Gender discrimination 31
Gender-based persecution 82
Generalized violence 12
Genocide 141
Gio 1
Good governance 1
Gross, systematic and large-scale 8
Grounds for persecution 122
HIV and AIDS 68
Habeas corpus 72
Habitual residence 17
Haitians 5
Han 3
Hare Krishna 1
Harmful traditional practices 9
Hazara 49
Hema 2
Hijacking 4
Hindu 45
Hmong 3
Honour killings 30
Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 92
Huang Jiao 1
Hui 1
Human rights activists 41
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 114
Human rights courts 13
Human rights law 15
Human rights monitors 2
Humanitarian assistance 1
Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 12
Hungarians 3
Hutus 11
IDP camps 11
Ibo 4
Iko 1
Illegal entry 146
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 61
Illegitimate children 12
Immigrants 10
Immigration Detention 374
Immigration control after entry 4
Immigration law 71
Immunity 6
Impunity 5
Inclusion clauses 4
Independence of judiciary 48
Indians 11
Indigenous persons 11
Ingush 3
Integration 1
Internal armed conflict 89
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 527
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 89
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 3
International Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers (ICRMW) 1
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 23
International armed conflict 16
International courts and tribunals 96
International criminal law 34
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 77
International protection 23
Involuntary repatriation 37
Iranians 1
Ismaili 1
Issaq 2
Jehovah's Witness 43
Jew 15
Jurisdiction 112
Juvenile justice system 2
Kachin 2
Karen 4
Kasaians 1
Kashmiris 1
Kikuyu 2
Kisii 1
Korani 1
Koreans 7
Kosovar 27
Kurd 154
Kusasi 1
Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 1
Lari 1
Law of the sea 1
Laws relating to religion 13
Legal representation / Legal aid 88
Lendu 2
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 283
Livelihoods 8
Lorosae 1
Luo 2
Madhiban 3
Malinke / Mandingo 1
Mandate status 15
Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 106
Maronite 1
Massaleit 2
Maternal and child health care 2
Medical screening 2
Mental harm 1
Mental health 155
Mentally disadvantaged persons 11
Mercenaries 1
Messianic Jews 2
Methodist 2
Midgan 2
Migrant rights 9
Migrants 21
Military courts 7
Military law 7
Military operations 5
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 305
Minorities 38
Minority rights 21
Mohajirs 1
Montenegrin 1
Moor 1
Mormon 6
Multiple nationality 41
Muslim 106
National security / Public order 95
Naturalization 29
Ndebele 1
Nepalis 2
Non-refoulement 264
Non-self-governing territories 3
Non-state agents of persecution 664
Nuba 3
Ogaden 1
Older persons 6
One-child policy / Family planning 45
Opposition 66
Orderly return 2
Oromo 17
Orthodox Christian 12
Palestinian 62
Pashtun 13
Passports 96
Peace agreements 7
Peace process 2
Peacekeeping 1
Pentecostal 10
Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 15
Persecution based on nationality 35
Persecution based on political opinion 1,937
Persecution of family members 257
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 218
Persons not in need of international protection 24
Persons of concern to UNHCR 2
Persons with disabilities 32
Physical harm 15
Police 59
Political asylum 198
Political groups 69
Political parties 232
Political situation 21
Polygamy 3
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 69
Pre-entry procedures 30
Pre-trial detention 64
Presbyterian 1
Prevention of discrimination 6
Prison or detention conditions 179
Prisoners of war 2
Proof of nationality 51
Property restitution 12
Prosecution vs persecution 164
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 29
Protection of camps 1
Protestant 5
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 12
Public health 107
Punjabis 5
Quan Yin 1
Racial / Ethnic persecution 600
Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 3
Re-entry 11
Readmission 1
Reception 60
Reconciliation 1
Referendum 1
Refoulement 219
Refugee / Asylum law 72
Refugee camps 23
Refugee identity documents 1
Refugee seamen 7
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 117
Refugee travel documents / CTDs 3
Refugees 152
Refugees sur place 13
Regional instruments 138
Registration 16
Reintegration 1
Rejected asylum-seekers 249
Rejection at border 6
Religious discrimination 121
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 922
Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 7
Resettlement 18
Residence permits / Residency 158
Return conditions 7
Returnees 30
Right to a nationality 29
Right to development 2
Right to education 80
Right to employment 122
Right to family life 532
Right to food 6
Right to health 42
Right to justice 132
Right to leave 1
Right to liberty and security 272
Right to life 197
Right to registration at birth 10
Right to return 5
Right to seek asylum 23
Right to self-determination 4
Rights of non-citizens 35
Rohingya (Arakanese) 7
Roma 90
Romanians 2
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 419
Russians 8
Rwandans 5
SGBV 187
Sabean Mandean 3
Safe country of origin 49
Safe third country 256
Saharawis 2
Salafi 3
Samoan 1
Scientologist 1
Secondary movement 1
Security forces 17
Security situation 74
Serb 19
Serious non-political crime 62
Seventh Day Adventist 1
Sexual and reproductive rights 27
Shamanism 1
Shan 2
Sharia law 14
Sheikhal 1
Shia 97
Sikh 38
Sindhis 2
Single heads of household 23
Single procedure 45
Sinhalese 8
Smuggling of persons 17
Social group discrimination 77
Social group persecution 857
Somalis 4
Soyot 1
Spontaneous return 2
Standard of proof 111
State of emergency 3
State protection 396
Statelessness 183
Statelessness Determination Procedures 17
Stowaways 2
Sunni 40
Sur place persecution 67
Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 12
Suspensive effect 29
Tajik 14
Tamil 235
Taoist 3
Tatars 1
Temporary admission 35
Temporary protection 18
Terrorism 265
Threats / Intimidation 36
Tibetan 11
Tigreans 2
Torture 50
Trafficking in persons 69
Transgression of social / cultural norms 55
Transit 2
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 7
Travel documents 46
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 35
Tuni Torre 1
Turkmen 1
Tutsis 109
UNHCR mandate 15
Uighur 14
Unaccompanied / Separated children 100
Unification Church 1
Unlawful departure 75
Urban refugees 3
Uzbek 14
Visas 250
Voluntary repatriation 11
War crimes 132
Wayuú 1
Well-founded fear of persecution 403
Widowed persons 3
Witchcraft 1
Withdrawal of nationality 25
Witnesses 107
Women's rights 19
Women-at-risk 178
Work permits 27
Yazīdī 5
Yibir 2
Yoruba 5
Zoroastrian 4
Zulus 1

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