Last Updated: Tuesday, 23 May 2023, 12:44 GMT

European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union

To ensure that the law is enforced, understood and uniformly applied in all Member States, a judicial institution is essential. That institution is the Court of Justice of the European Communities. It is composed of three courts: the Court of Justice (created in 1952), the Court of First Instance (created in 1988) and the Civil Service Tribunal (created in 2004). The Court of Justice of the European Communities, together with the national courts, thus constitutes the European Community’s judiciary. The Court’s main task is to interpret Community law uniformly and to rule on its validity. It answers questions referred to it by the national courts, which play a vital role, as they apply Community law at local level. The judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Communities — together with the treaties, regulations, directives and decisions — make up Community law.  Website: curia.europa.eu/en/
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Case C 560/14 M. v. Minister for Justice and Equality, Ireland and the Attorney General

9 February 2017 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Legal Instrument: 2004 Qualification Directive (EU) | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - Refugee / Asylum law | Countries: Ireland - Rwanda

H. N. v Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform, Ireland, Attorney General

8 May 2014 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - International protection - Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures - Regional instruments - Single procedure | Countries: Ireland - Pakistan

M. M. v. Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform, Ireland, Attorney General

22 November 2012 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Countries: Ireland - Rwanda

M. M. v. Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform, Ireland, Attorney General (Opinion of Advocat General)

26 April 2012 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Document type: Case Law | Topic(s): Complementary forms of protection - Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness | Countries: Ireland

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