Council of Europe: Secretariat of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities
The Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities of 1994 entered into force on 1 February 1998. Thirty-nine States are currently Party1 to it. Although not the only instrument to be developed within the Council of Europe relevant to the protection of national minorities, the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities is certainly the most comprehensive document in this area. Indeed, it is the first ever legally binding multilateral instrument devoted to the protection of national minorities in general. The Framework Convention sets out principles to be respected as well as goals to be achieved by the Contracting Parties, in order to ensure the protection of persons belonging to national minorities, whilst fully respecting the principles of territorial integrity and political independence of States. The principles contained in the Framework Convention have to be implemented through national legislation and appropriate governmental policies. It is also envisaged that these provisions can be implemented through bilateral and multilateral treaties. Website: www.coe.int/minorities
- Albania 4
- Armenia 6
- Austria 5
- Azerbaijan 5
- Bosnia and Herzegovina 4
- Bulgaria 5
- Croatia 5
- Cyprus 6
- Czech Republic 9
- Denmark 8
- Estonia 8
- Finland 8
- Georgia 4
- Germany 8
- Hungary 10
- Ireland 5
- Italy 9
- Latvia 7
- Liechtenstein 8
- Lithuania 4
- Malta 4
- Moldova, Republic of 9
- Montenegro 7
- Netherlands 5
- North Macedonia 4
- Norway 6
- Poland 7
- Portugal 5
- Romania 8
- Russian Federation 8
- San Marino 6
- Serbia 13
- Slovakia 12
- Slovenia 6
- Spain 6
- Sweden 6
- Switzerland 6
- Ukraine 4
- United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 4
- Access to procedures 1
- Albanians 1
- Armenian 2
- Ashkaelian 9
- Asylum-seekers 3
- Belarusians 1
- Bulgarians 1
- Citizenship / Nationality law 2
- Civil and political rights 1
- Crimean Tatars 1
- Croats 2
- Czechs 2
- Deportation / Forcible return 1
- Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 45
- Economic, social and cultural rights 2
- Egyptians 9
- Finno-Ugric 1
- Freedom of assembly and association 4
- Freedom of expression 1
- Freedom of movement 1
- Freedom of religion 2
- Frisians 3
- Germans 3
- Greeks 2
- Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 2
- Human rights and fundamental freedoms 5
- Hungarians 1
- Immigrants 1
- Indigenous persons 3
- Integration 2
- Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 1
- Jew 5
- Macedonians 1
- Meskhetians 1
- Migrants 1
- Minorities 207
- Minority rights 170
- Montenegrin 1
- Muslim 2
- Poles 1
- Prevention of discrimination 8
- Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 12
- Regional instruments 1
- Residence permits / Residency 1
- Right to education 6
- Right to employment 2
- Right to health 1
- Roma 50
- Romanians 1
- Russians 3
- Sami 13
- Serb 5
- Slovaks 2
- Slovenes 1
- Social group discrimination 2
- Statelessness 1
- Tatars 2
- Trafficking in persons 1
- Turks 3
- Ukrainians 2
- Vlachs 1
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