The issues that arise on this appeal are whether the Upper Tribunal in OO (Algeria)
wrongly equated persecution with a risk of being subjected to physical violence and
also failed to consider, cumulatively, the impact of the treatment that gay men would
face in Algeria. Further, the appeal raises the issues of whether it would be unduly
harsh to require the appellant to relocate within Algeria or whether returning him to
Algeria would amount to a disproportionate interference with his rights under Article
8 of the Convention given that he would conceal his sexual orientation if he returned
to live in Algeria.
This country guidance covers:
- Acts contrary to the basic rules of human conduct
- Country guidance: the conduct of the Ukrainian military in the conflict in the Anti-Terrorist Operation Zone (“the ATO”)
- Country guidance: conscripts and mobilised reservists in Ukraine
This request for a preliminary ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 9(2)(e) and (3) of Directive 2011/95/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on standards for the qualification of third-country nationals or stateless persons as beneficiaries of international protection, for a uniform status for refugees or for persons eligible for subsidiary protection, and for the content of the protection granted (OJ 2011 L 337, p. 9).