Refworld | Case Law

1951 Refugee Convention 23
1969 OAU Convention 2
Abduction 100
Abuse of psychiatry 1
Access to procedures 94
Acehnese 1
Acholi 1
Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations 23
Acts of persecution 26
Administrative courts 16
Administrative law 10
Adoption 7
Afars 1
Afro-Colombians 3
Agents of persecution 24
Ahmadis 59
Ahwazi 1
Airports 41
Akan 1
Alawi 4
Albanians 7
Albinism/Persons with Albinism 3
Alevis 8
Aliens 4
Amhara 2
Amish 1
Anti-terrorism law 23
Apartheid 1
Appeal / Right to appeal 314
Arabs 5
Arbitrary arrest and detention 614
Armed forces / Military 85
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 146
Armenian 7
Arrival 31
Ashkaelian 6
Ashraf 5
Assyrians 8
Asylum policy 78
Asylum-migration nexus 5
Asylum-seekers 158
Avars 1
Azeri 4
Baganda 1
Baha'i 5
Bail 27
Bajuni 6
Bantu 1
Banyamulenge 3
Baptist 2
Basques 1
Bedoon 9
Beja 2
Belarusians 2
Bellah 1
Benadiri 2
Benefit of the doubt 11
Berber 3
Berti 2
Bihari 7
Blood feuds 23
Border conflict 1
Border controls 9
Border crossers 2
Bosnian 5
Buddhist 19
Burden of proof 132
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 23
Cabinda 2
Cancellation 1
Carrier sanctions 5
Catholic 60
Ceasefire 21
Cessation clauses 60
Chakma 3
Chaldean 6
Changes of circumstances in home country 141
Chechen 66
Child labour 1
Child prostitution 2
Child soldiers 19
Children's rights 152
Children-at-risk 91
Chin 2
Chinese 16
Christian 347
Citizenship / Nationality law 62
Civil and political rights 23
Civil rights legislation 1
Civil war 12
Climate change (including environmental migrants) 5
Combatants / Former combatants 63
Communal conflict / Social conflict 2
Complementary forms of protection 222
Confidentiality 10
Conflict resolution 1
Conflict situation 26
Constitutional law 43
Contemporary forms of slavery 9
Convention against Torture (CAT) 111
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 4
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 13
Convention refugee 85
Copts 22
Corruption 29
Country of origin information (COI) 1,137
Coup d'état 10
Credibility assessment 892
Crime prevention 12
Crimes against humanity 341
Crimes against peace 3
Criminal justice 632
Croats 5
Cumulative grounds of persecution 9
Customary law 2
Dalit 2
Darfuri 6
Darod 4
Death in custody 1
Death penalty 62
Death squads 2
Decision on admissibility 101
Demobilization / Disarmament 4
Democracy 6
Denial of nationality 34
Denial of refugee status 420
Deportation / Forcible return 1,740
Dera Sacha Sauda 4
Derivative status 30
Dioula 3
Diplomatic assurances 43
Diplomatic asylum 3
Disappeared persons 49
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 226
Domestic violence 114
Drug trafficking 67
EU Qualification Directive 71
Economic, social and cultural rights 37
Effective protection 191
Effective remedy 209
Election law 2
Elections 39
Emergency legislation 2
Emigrants 1
Endorois 1
Entry / Exit 5
Equal opportunities 20
Equality before the law 30
Eritreans 7
Ethiopians 2
Ethnic cleansing 61
Evangelical 13
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 956
Exceptional leave to remain (ELR) 52
Exclusion clauses 213
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 73
Exiles 1
Expedited procedures 20
Expulsion 346
Extended definition 3
Extradition 151
Extrajudicial executions 26
Extreme poverty 5
False documents 48
Falun Gong 119
Family law 17
Family reunification 94
Female genital mutilation (FGM) 86
Fijians 1
Flight by land, air or sea 12
Forced labour 22
Forced marriage 51
Forced relocation 1
Forced sterilization / Abortion 19
Foreign occupation 1
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 1,123
Freedom of assembly and association 28
Freedom of conscience 24
Freedom of expression 221
Freedom of information 5
Freedom of movement 47
Freedom of religion 70
Freedom of speech 178
Fresh / New claim 73
Fulani 1
Fur 3
Ga 1
Gagauz 1
Gang related violence 30
Gender discrimination 30
Gender-based persecution 81
Generalized violence 11
Genocide 140
Gio 1
Good governance 1
Gross, systematic and large-scale 8
Grounds for persecution 121
HIV and AIDS 67
Habeas corpus 72
Habitual residence 16
Haitians 5
Han 2
Hare Krishna 1
Harmful traditional practices 9
Hazara 43
Hema 2
Hijacking 4
Hindu 39
Hmong 3
Honour killings 27
Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 91
Huang Jiao 1
Hui 1
Human rights activists 40
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 113
Human rights courts 13
Human rights law 15
Human rights monitors 2
Humanitarian assistance 1
Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 10
Hungarians 3
Hutus 11
IDP camps 11
Ibo 4
Iko 1
Illegal entry 144
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 60
Illegitimate children 12
Immigrants 10
Immigration Detention 371
Immigration control after entry 4
Immigration law 69
Immunity 6
Impunity 5
Inclusion clauses 4
Independence of judiciary 48
Indians 11
Indigenous persons 11
Ingush 3
Integration 1
Internal armed conflict 88
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 506
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 89
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 3
International Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers (ICRMW) 1
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 23
International armed conflict 16
International courts and tribunals 95
International criminal law 34
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 77
International protection 23
Involuntary repatriation 37
Iranians 1
Ismaili 1
Issaq 2
Jehovah's Witness 42
Jew 14
Jurisdiction 109
Juvenile justice system 2
Kachin 2
Karen 4
Kasaians 1
Kashmiris 1
Kikuyu 2
Kisii 1
Korani 1
Koreans 7
Kosovar 27
Kurd 152
Kusasi 1
Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 1
Lari 1
Law of the sea 1
Laws relating to religion 9
Legal representation / Legal aid 88
Lendu 2
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 280
Livelihoods 8
Lorosae 1
Luo 2
Madhiban 3
Malinke / Mandingo 1
Mandate status 15
Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 106
Maronite 1
Massaleit 2
Maternal and child health care 2
Medical screening 2
Mental health 152
Mentally disadvantaged persons 11
Mercenaries 1
Messianic Jews 2
Methodist 2
Midgan 2
Migrant rights 9
Migrants 21
Military courts 7
Military law 7
Military operations 5
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 302
Minorities 38
Minority rights 21
Mohajirs 1
Montenegrin 1
Moor 1
Mormon 6
Multiple nationality 41
Muslim 104
National security / Public order 95
Naturalization 29
Ndebele 1
Nepalis 2
Non-refoulement 264
Non-self-governing territories 3
Non-state agents of persecution 662
Nuba 3
Ogaden 1
Older persons 6
One-child policy / Family planning 44
Opposition 65
Orderly return 2
Oromo 17
Orthodox Christian 12
Palestinian 57
Pashtun 12
Passports 94
Peace agreements 7
Peace process 2
Peacekeeping 1
Pentecostal 10
Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 8
Persecution based on nationality 35
Persecution based on political opinion 1,889
Persecution of family members 250
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 209
Persons not in need of international protection 24
Persons of concern to UNHCR 2
Persons with disabilities 31
Physical harm 2
Police 49
Political asylum 198
Political groups 53
Political parties 208
Political situation 20
Polygamy 3
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 69
Pre-entry procedures 30
Pre-trial detention 63
Presbyterian 1
Prevention of discrimination 4
Prison or detention conditions 176
Prisoners of war 2
Proof of nationality 51
Property restitution 12
Prosecution vs persecution 164
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 29
Protection of camps 1
Protestant 5
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 7
Public health 107
Punjabis 5
Quan Yin 1
Racial / Ethnic persecution 598
Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 3
Re-entry 11
Readmission 1
Reception 60
Reconciliation 1
Referendum 1
Refoulement 218
Refugee / Asylum law 68
Refugee camps 22
Refugee identity documents 1
Refugee seamen 7
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 115
Refugee travel documents / CTDs 3
Refugees 151
Refugees sur place 13
Regional instruments 131
Registration 16
Reintegration 1
Rejected asylum-seekers 246
Rejection at border 6
Religious discrimination 91
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 886
Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 7
Resettlement 17
Residence permits / Residency 155
Return conditions 6
Returnees 28
Right to a nationality 29
Right to development 2
Right to education 79
Right to employment 119
Right to family life 501
Right to food 6
Right to health 41
Right to justice 132
Right to liberty and security 271
Right to life 197
Right to registration at birth 10
Right to return 5
Right to seek asylum 22
Right to self-determination 4
Rights of non-citizens 35
Rohingya (Arakanese) 5
Roma 90
Romanians 2
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 419
Russians 8
Rwandans 5
SGBV 186
Sabean Mandean 3
Safe country of origin 47
Safe third country 252
Saharawis 2
Salafi 3
Samoan 1
Scientologist 1
Secondary movement 1
Security forces 17
Security situation 71
Serb 19
Serious non-political crime 61
Seventh Day Adventist 1
Sexual and reproductive rights 26
Shamanism 1
Shan 2
Sharia law 14
Sheikhal 1
Shia 88
Sikh 36
Sindhis 2
Single heads of household 22
Single procedure 45
Sinhalese 8
Smuggling of persons 17
Social group discrimination 48
Social group persecution 830
Somalis 4
Soyot 1
Spontaneous return 2
Standard of proof 111
State of emergency 3
State protection 391
Statelessness 174
Statelessness Determination Procedures 17
Stowaways 2
Sunni 34
Sur place persecution 67
Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 11
Suspensive effect 29
Tajik 12
Tamil 227
Taoist 3
Tatars 1
Temporary admission 35
Temporary protection 17
Terrorism 263
Threats / Intimidation 28
Tibetan 10
Tigreans 2
Torture 48
Trafficking in persons 68
Transgression of social / cultural norms 45
Transit 2
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 7
Travel documents 45
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 35
Tuni Torre 1
Turkmen 1
Tutsis 109
UNHCR mandate 15
Uighur 14
Unaccompanied / Separated children 94
Unification Church 1
Unlawful departure 70
Urban refugees 3
Uzbek 13
Visas 249
Voluntary repatriation 11
War crimes 132
Wayuú 1
Well-founded fear of persecution 401
Widowed persons 3
Witchcraft 1
Withdrawal of nationality 24
Witnesses 107
Women's rights 18
Women-at-risk 174
Work permits 27
Yazīdī 4
Yibir 2
Yoruba 5
Zoroastrian 4
Zulus 1

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