Refworld Case Law Collection Survey
Canada
- Country Information 763
- Legal Information 1,077
- Policy Documents 19
- Reference Documents 21
- Amnesty International 30
- Article 19 2
- Asylum Access 1
- Asylum Aid 11
- Canada: Court of Appeal for Ontario 2
- Canada: Courts of Appeal 3
- Canada: Federal Court 699
- Canada: Federal Court of Appeal 90
- Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada 534
- Canada: Provincial / Territorial Superior Courts 1
- Canada: Public Works and Government Services 1
- Canada: Supreme Court 50
- Canada: Supreme Court of British Columbia 1
- Canadian Council for Refugees 3
- Center for Gender & Refugee Studies 1
- Child Soldiers International 3
- Committee to Protect Journalists 13
- Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights 1
- EurasiaNet 1
- Freedom House 32
- Human Rights Watch 10
- Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN) 2
- Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) 9
- International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) 3
- International Detention Coalition 1
- International Federation for Human Rights 2
- International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF) 7
- International Trade Union Confederation 7
- Jamestown Foundation 2
- Minorities at Risk Project 6
- Minority Rights Group International 14
- National Legislative Bodies / National Authorities 24
- New Zealand: Refugee Status Appeals Authority 1
- Radio Free Asia 3
- Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 26
- REDRESS 1
- Refugee Studies Centre 3
- Refugees International 1
- Reporters Without Borders 9
- UN Commission on Human Rights 6
- UN Committee Against Torture (CAT) 29
- UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (CESCR) 6
- UN Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) 8
- UN Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 10
- UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 4
- UN Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Status of Refugees and Stateless Persons 1
- UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) 1
- UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) 2
- UN General Assembly 2
- UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) 55
- UN Human Rights Committee (HRC) 31
- UN Human Rights Council 14
- UN News Service 5
- UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) 2
- UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII) 1
- UN Security Council 5
- United Nations International Human Rights Instruments 1
- United States Committee for Refugees and Immigrants 12
- United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit 1
- United States Department of State 72
- United States District Courts 1
- United States Supreme Court 1
- Annual Reports 187
- Bilateral Treaties/Agreements 1
- Case Law 1,026
- Chronologies of Events 3
- Commentaries 1
- Comments on National Legislation 3
- Compilations 3
- Concluding Observations 12
- Conference Reports 1
- Country News 61
- Country Operations Plans 5
- Country Profiles 2
- Country Reports 53
- Country/Situation Specific Position Papers 2
- Court Interventions / Amicus Curiae 6
- Handbooks/Manuals 6
- Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries 21
- Legislative History / Travaux Préparatoires 1
- Mission Reports 7
- National Decrees, Circulars, Regulation, Policy Documents 11
- National Legislation 12
- Policy/Position Papers 2
- Query Responses 390
- Regional Reports 5
- Research, Background and Discussion Papers 6
- Sessional Reports 4
- Speeches/Statements 2
- States Parties Reports 22
- Thematic Guidelines 11
- Thematic Reports 13
- UNHCR Country Updates 1
- 1951 Refugee Convention 2
- Abduction 5
- Aborigine 4
- Access to procedures 9
- Access to water 1
- Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations 6
- Acts of persecution 3
- Administrative courts 6
- Adoption 1
- Africans 2
- Age discrimination 2
- Agents of persecution 3
- Ahmadis 3
- Airports 16
- Albanians 1
- Alevis 1
- Amazonian Indians 1
- Amhara 2
- Amish 1
- Anglican 9
- Anti-terrorism law 3
- Appeal / Right to appeal 20
- Arbitrary arrest and detention 52
- Armed forces / Military 21
- Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 16
- Armenian 3
- Arrival 5
- Assyrians 2
- Asylum policy 6
- Asylum-migration nexus 3
- Asylum-seekers 52
- Baha'i 10
- Baptist 17
- Barabaig 1
- Batwa 1
- Benefit of the doubt 4
- Blood feuds 6
- Border controls 6
- Border crossers 1
- Buddhist 9
- Bulgarians 1
- Burden of proof 38
- Burden-sharing and international co-operation 1
- Catholic 17
- Cessation clauses 6
- Changes of circumstances in home country 17
- Chechen 2
- Child labour 6
- Child prostitution 6
- Child soldiers 5
- Children's rights 43
- Children-at-risk 48
- Chin 1
- Chinese 4
- Christian 31
- Christian 1
- Citizenship / Nationality law 4
- Civil and political rights 7
- Civil war 2
- Combatants / Former combatants 8
- Communal conflict / Social conflict 2
- Complementary forms of protection 33
- Constitutional law 6
- Convention Plus 2
- Convention against Torture (CAT) 6
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 3
- Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 5
- Convention refugee 65
- Corruption 12
- Country of origin information (COI) 35
- Credibility assessment 91
- Crimes against humanity 81
- Crimes against peace 2
- Criminal justice 84
- Croats 3
- Cumulative grounds of persecution 6
- Czechs 1
- Death in custody 2
- Death penalty 18
- Death squads 2
- Decision on admissibility 5
- Democracy 3
- Denial of refugee status 7
- Deportation / Forcible return 195
- Diplomatic assurances 5
- Disappeared persons 23
- Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 52
- Domestic violence 45
- Drug trafficking 28
- EU Qualification Directive 1
- Economic, social and cultural rights 21
- Effective protection 25
- Effective remedy 15
- Elections 14
- Equal opportunities 1
- Equality before the law 5
- Evangelical 3
- Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 106
- Exclusion clauses 90
- Exhaustion of domestic remedies 8
- Expulsion 32
- Extended definition 1
- Extradition 14
- Extrajudicial executions 14
- Extreme poverty 2
- False documents 2
- Falun Gong 6
- Family law 1
- Family reunification 10
- Female genital mutilation (FGM) 9
- Filipinos 1
- Flight by land, air or sea 1
- Forced labour 26
- Forced marriage 4
- Forced sterilization / Abortion 1
- Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 127
- Freedom of assembly and association 34
- Freedom of conscience 4
- Freedom of expression 94
- Freedom of information 28
- Freedom of movement 24
- Freedom of religion 49
- Freedom of speech 48
- French 1
- Gang related violence 12
- Gender discrimination 32
- Gender mainstreaming 3
- Gender-based persecution 27
- Generalized violence 1
- Genocide 5
- Good governance 3
- Grounds for persecution 16
- HIV and AIDS 8
- Habeas corpus 2
- Hadza 1
- Han 1
- High Commissioner's Forum 2
- Hijacking 1
- Himba 1
- Hindu 10
- Hmong 1
- Honour killings 1
- Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 13
- Hui 1
- Human Rights Council 6
- Human rights activists 2
- Human rights and fundamental freedoms 63
- Human rights law 3
- Human rights monitors 4
- Humanitarian assistance 3
- Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 2
- Hungarians 1
- Hutus 2
- IDP camps 2
- Illegal entry 8
- Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 4
- Immigrants 26
- Immigration Detention 25
- Immigration law 13
- Immunity 1
- Impunity 1
- Inclusion clauses 2
- Independence of judiciary 11
- Indigenous persons 50
- Integration 2
- Internal armed conflict 9
- Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 38
- Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 10
- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 4
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 6
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) 2
- International armed conflict 4
- International courts and tribunals 4
- International criminal law 4
- International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 21
- International protection 7
- Inuit 4
- Involuntary repatriation 1
- Iranians 1
- Japanese 1
- Jehovah's Witness 2
- Jew 14
- Jurisdiction 10
- Juvenile justice system 2
- Karen 3
- Koreans 3
- Kurd 10
- Labour law 2
- Legal representation / Legal aid 16
- Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 47
- Lutheran 10
- Maasai 1
- Mandate status 1
- Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 2
- Mapuche 1
- Maternal and child health care 1
- Medical screening 1
- Mental health 9
- Mentally disadvantaged persons 3
- Migrant rights 6
- Migrants 15
- Military courts 2
- Military law 2
- Military operations 2
- Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 54
- Minorities 26
- Minority rights 6
- Mon 1
- Mormon 3
- Multiple nationality 4
- Muslim 19
- National security / Public order 16
- Naturalization 3
- Nepalis 1
- Non-refoulement 34
- Non-state agents of persecution 64
- Older persons 3
- One-child policy / Family planning 1
- Opposition 11
- Orang Asli 1
- Orderly return 1
- Oromo 2
- Palestinian 7
- Passports 5
- Peacekeeping 1
- Pentecostal 11
- Persecution based on nationality 14
- Persecution based on political opinion 149
- Persecution of family members 13
- Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 32
- Persons not in need of international protection 9
- Persons of concern to UNHCR 4
- Persons with disabilities 15
- Poles 1
- Police 30
- Political asylum 6
- Political groups 4
- Political parties 11
- Political situation 4
- Polygamy 1
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 5
- Pre-entry procedures 1
- Pre-trial detention 7
- Presbyterian 9
- Prevention of discrimination 2
- Prison or detention conditions 22
- Proof of nationality 2
- Prosecution vs persecution 30
- Prostitution / Commercial sex work 14
- Protection of camps 1
- Protection of civilian persons in time of war 1
- Protestant 11
- Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 2
- Public health 28
- Punjabis 1
- Racial / Ethnic persecution 48
- Rastafarian 1
- Reception 1
- Reconciliation 2
- Referendum 1
- Refoulement 32
- Refugee / Asylum law 16
- Refugee camps 3
- Refugee identity documents 2
- Refugee seamen 9
- Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 27
- Refugee travel documents / CTDs 2
- Refugees 79
- Refugees sur place 5
- Rejected asylum-seekers 25
- Religious discrimination 28
- Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 51
- Resettlement 34
- Residence permits / Residency 21
- Return conditions 1
- Returnees 3
- Right to a nationality 5
- Right to education 13
- Right to employment 21
- Right to family life 10
- Right to food 2
- Right to health 8
- Right to justice 16
- Right to liberty and security 23
- Right to life 22
- Right to registration at birth 2
- Right to return 2
- Right to seek asylum 2
- Right to self-determination 6
- Rights of non-citizens 3
- Roma 16
- Romanians 1
- Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 69
- Russians 3
- Rwandans 2
- SGBV 71
- Safe country of origin 1
- Safe third country 32
- Saharawis 1
- Sami 1
- San Bushmen 1
- Sanctions 2
- Scientologist 9
- Secondary movement 1
- Security forces 12
- Security situation 10
- Serb 2
- Serious non-political crime 36
- Seventh Day Adventist 1
- Sexual and reproductive rights 2
- Shan 1
- Sharia law 2
- Shia 6
- Shinto 9
- Sikh 12
- Single procedure 4
- Slavs 1
- Slovaks 1
- Smuggling of persons 14
- Social group discrimination 22
- Social group persecution 96
- Somalis 2
- Standard of proof 22
- State of emergency 1
- State protection 106
- Statelessness 16
- Sur place persecution 11
- Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 6
- Suspensive effect 2
- Tamil 50
- Taoist 9
- Temporary admission 1
- Terrorism 75
- Threats / Intimidation 2
- Tibetan 4
- Torture 6
- Trafficking in persons 54
- Travel documents 5
- Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 8
- Tutsis 7
- UNHCR mandate 1
- Uighur 2
- Ukrainians 1
- Unaccompanied / Separated children 20
- Universal Periodic Review (UPR) 5
- Unlawful departure 8
- Urban refugees 1
- Vietnamese 1
- Visas 78
- Voluntary repatriation 4
- War crimes 12
- Well-founded fear of persecution 68
- Withdrawal of nationality 1
- Witnesses 8
- Women's rights 52
- Women-at-risk 44
- Work permits 6
UNHCR is not responsible for the content and availability of non-UNHCR websites. Content displays in a new window.
- Amnesty International - Canada
- CERIS - The Ontario Metropolis Centre
- Canadian Council for Refugees
- Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network
- Canadian Research Institute for the Advancement of Women (CRIAW)
- Canadian Voice of Women for Peace (VOW)
- Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI)
- Citizenship and Immigration Canada
- Council of Europe, Venice Commission: Constitutional Courts (Links)
- Equitas, International Centre for Human Rights Education
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - Canada
- Human Rights Watch (HRW) - Canada
- Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada (IRB)
- International Committee of the Red Cross - The ICRC in North America
- Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) - Canada
- Office of the Commissioner for Federal Judicial Affairs Canada
- Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) - Canada
- ReliefWeb - Canada
- Rights & Democracy
- School of Peace and Conflict Management, Royal Roads University
- UNHCR - Canada
- United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) - Canada
- United States Department of State - Canada
- Winnipeg Refugee Education Network (WREN)
- World Health Organization (WHO) - Canada
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