Democratic Republic of the Congo

Abduction 1
Access to procedures 3
Administrative courts 1
Administrative law 1
Airports 2
Aliens 1
Appeal / Right to appeal 8
Arbitrary arrest and detention 11
Armed forces / Military 7
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 10
Asylum policy 3
Asylum-migration nexus 1
Asylum-seekers 14
Banyamulenge 3
Border controls 1
Burden of proof 5
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 1
Capacity building of state institutions 2
Catholic 2
Ceasefire 1
Cessation clauses 3
Child soldiers 3
Children's rights 5
Children-at-risk 7
Christian 1
Citizenship / Nationality law 5
Combatants / Former combatants 5
Complementary forms of protection 3
Conflict resolution 2
Conflict situation 3
Constitutional law 2
Convention against Torture (CAT) 2
Corruption 2
Country of origin information (COI) 20
Credibility assessment 28
Crimes against humanity 9
Criminal justice 13
Cumulative grounds of persecution 2
Death penalty 1
Decision on admissibility 3
Demobilization / Disarmament 2
Denial of nationality 1
Denial of refugee status 1
Deportation / Forcible return 21
Derivative status 2
Disappeared persons 1
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 6
Domestic violence 1
EU Qualification Directive 2
Economic, social and cultural rights 1
Effective remedy 7
Election law 1
Elections 7
Embargo 10
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 26
Exceptional leave to remain (ELR) 1
Exclusion clauses 6
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 1
Expedited procedures 1
Expulsion 5
False documents 1
Family reunification 5
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 26
Freedom of conscience 1
Freedom of expression 5
Freedom of movement 4
Freedom of religion 2
Freedom of speech 4
Fresh / New claim 4
Gender discrimination 1
Gender-based persecution 2
Generalized violence 2
Genocide 2
HIV and AIDS 3
Harmful traditional practices 2
Hema 2
Honour killings 1
Human Rights Council 2
Human rights activists 1
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 15
Human rights law 1
Humanitarian assistance 4
Hutus 2
Illegal entry 3
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 2
Immigrants 3
Immigration Detention 14
Immigration law 4
Impunity 2
Independence of judiciary 1
Indigenous persons 1
Integration 1
Internal armed conflict 10
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 4
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 5
International armed conflict 1
International courts and tribunals 3
International criminal law 4
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 4
International protection 7
Involuntary repatriation 1
Jurisdiction 6
Kasaians 1
Labour law 2
Legal representation / Legal aid 1
Lendu 2
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 2
Livelihoods 1
Mandate status 2
Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 3
Medical screening 1
Mental health 2
Mentally disadvantaged persons 1
Migrants 2
Military courts 3
Military law 3
Military operations 1
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 3
Minorities 1
Multiple nationality 3
Muslim 1
National security / Public order 1
Ngbandi 1
Non-refoulement 14
Non-state agents of persecution 2
Opposition 6
Passports 3
Peace agreements 1
Peace process 1
Peacekeeping 17
Pentecostal 1
Persecution based on nationality 4
Persecution based on political opinion 38
Persecution of family members 3
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 1
Persons with disabilities 1
Police 4
Political asylum 1
Political groups 4
Political parties 7
Political situation 9
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 3
Pre-entry procedures 1
Pre-trial detention 1
Prevention of discrimination 1
Prison or detention conditions 2
Proof of nationality 2
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 1
Protection of civilian persons in time of war 3
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 2
Public health 2
Racial / Ethnic persecution 16
Refoulement 9
Refugee / Asylum law 7
Refugee camps 1
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 8
Refugees 21
Refugees sur place 1
Regional instruments 5
Reintegration 2
Rejected asylum-seekers 7
Rejection at border 2
Religious discrimination 1
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 1
Resettlement 1
Residence permits / Residency 4
Return conditions 1
Returnees 3
Right to a nationality 2
Right to education 1
Right to employment 1
Right to family life 15
Right to health 2
Right to liberty and security 4
Right to seek asylum 3
Right to self-determination 1
Rights of non-citizens 1
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 11
Rwandans 6
SGBV 12
Safe third country 2
Sanctions 2
Security forces 4
Security situation 18
Small arms 3
Smuggling of persons 1
Social group discrimination 2
Social group persecution 5
Standard of proof 1
State protection 2
Statelessness 3
Torture 2
Trafficking in persons 3
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 7
Travel documents 4
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 4
Tutsis 7
UNHCR mandate 2
Unaccompanied / Separated children 4
Unlawful departure 1
Urban refugees 1
Voluntary repatriation 2
War crimes 5
Well-founded fear of persecution 6
Witchcraft 1
Witnesses 6
Women's rights 4
Women-at-risk 2
Work permits 2

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Security Council resolution 2293 (2016) [on renewal of measures on arms embargo against the Democratic Republic of the Congo imposed by resolution 1807 (2008) and extension of the mandate of the Group of Experts Established pursuant to Resolution 1533 (2004) until 1 Aug. 2017] 23 June 2016 \| Publisher: UN Security Council \| Document type: Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations
Security Council resolution 2277 (2016) [on extension of the mandate of the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO) until 31 Mar. 2017] 30 March 2016 \| Publisher: UN Security Council \| Document type: Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations
Legal Frameworks to Prevent Torture In Africa: Best Practices, Shortcomings and Options Going Forward March 2016 \| Publisher: REDRESS \| Document type: Legal Articles/Analyses/Commentaries
Refugee Consortium of Kenya & another v Attorney General & 2 others 18 December 2015 \| Publisher: Kenya: High Court \| Document type: Case Law
Technical assistance and capacity-building for human rights in the Democratic Republic of the Congo : resolution / adopted by the Human Rights Council 9 October 2015 \| Publisher: UN Human Rights Council \| Document type: Resolutions/Recommendations/Declarations
Arrêt n° 153 160 23 September 2015 \| Publisher: Belgium: Conseil du Contentieux des Etrangers \| Document type: Case Law
Lokombe (DRC: FNOs – Airport monitoring) v Secretary of State for the Home Department 8 September 2015 \| Publisher: United Kingdom: Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) \| Document type: Case Law
Arrêt n° 150 548 10 August 2015 \| Publisher: Belgium: Conseil du Contentieux des Etrangers \| Document type: Case Law
Owale Mayemba v. Chairperson of Standing Committee for Refugee Affairs Refugee Status Determination Officer 10 June 2015 \| Publisher: South Africa: High Court \| Document type: Case Law
X c. l'État belge 9 June 2015 \| Publisher: Belgium: Conseil d'État \| Document type: Case Law

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