Every day, I listen to stories of people fleeing for their lives, across dangerous borders and unfriendly seas to reach safety. The story of a young woman, Doaa, is so troubling it still keeps me awake at night.

She is a Syrian refugee, 19 years old, an aspiring student who was forced by the war to live a grinding existence with her family in exile. Last month, I told her story to a TED audience in Thessaloniki, Greece.

Without a work permit in Egypt, Doaa struggled through day shifts for low wages. As the months passed, she was getting more and more scared. One day, a motorcycle gang tried to kidnap her on the street. The war in Syria that drove her family away was in its fourth year. And the people who once welcomed them in Egypt had become weary of them.

Despite all this, Doaa still had hope, because she was in love with another refugee, called Bassem. He promised to take her to safety in Europe where they would marry and build a new life. Doaa knew the risks. It was August 2014, and more than 2000 migrants and refugees had already died crossing the Mediterranean that year. She didn’t know how to swim, but for the second time in her life, she felt she had no choice but to flee.

So Bassem paid his life savings to smugglers, US $2,500 each, to get them onto an old fishing boat. It was so packed with people that Doaa’s knees were bent to her chest.

“I heard people screaming, and water crashing. I felt like I was going to drown.”

After two days at sea she started to get worried, and on the third day she told Bassem: “We will never reach the shore. We will all sink.”

On day four another boat approached the vessel. It was rusty and when the passengers were ordered to get on, they refused. The smugglers left angrily, and then returned to ram a hole in the side of the hull. “Let the fish eat your flesh,” they shouted, and then they laughed. Within minutes, the boat capsized and sank, with 300 people trapped below deck.

“The sea went black,” said Doaa. “I heard people screaming, and water crashing. I felt like I was going to drown.” She watched the propeller cut a child to pieces. Miraculously, Bassem found a water ring. He held Doaa’s hand and treaded water. There were corpses everywhere. The 100 survivors came together in small groups and prayed for rescue.

But as day turned to night and to day again, many lost hope. Doaa watched as men took off their life vests and drowned. Sensing his end was near, a Palestinian approached with his nine-month-old granddaughter, Malek. “Please take the baby,” he said. “I am very tired.” Then he gave up and let the sea take his life.

Soon thereafter, Bassem had also reached his limit. His last words were, “I am sorry my love. Please forgive me.” He drowned before her eyes. Later that day, a mother struggled towards Doaa with Masa, an 18-month-old girl. “Save her,” she said, “I will not survive.”

At TEDxThessaloniki, UNHCR's Melissa Fleming shared the story of Doaa, a 19-year-old Syrian refugee who watched her fiancé drown in the Mediterranean Sea and then saved two children's lives.

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At TEDxThessaloniki, UNHCR's Melissa Fleming shared the story of Doaa, a 19-year-old Syrian refugee who watched her fiancé drown in the Mediterranean Sea and then saved two children's lives.

Doaa, the 19-year-old who could not swim, who had just watched her fiancé drown, was now in charge of saving two fledgling lives. They were crying, agitated, hungry and thirsty. So she told them stories and played with them. Another day passed, and then another. On the fourth day in the sea, Doaa saw a merchant boat. For two hours she shouted. They spotted her with search lights in the dark and extended a rope – astonished to find a young woman clutching two babies.

Malek died in the boat’s clinic, but Masa pulled through. Doaa’s heroism was praised in the Greek media. On December 19, one of Greece’s most respected institutions, the Academy of Athens, gave her an award for bravery.

This year, her story has become more relevant than ever. More than 130,000 refugees and migrants have crossed the Mediterranean to seek safety and a better life in Europe, and tens of thousands died along the way. Across the EU, people are waking up to the tragedy unfolding on their shores. Some are responding with compassion, but far too many with xenophobia.

“No person fleeing conflict or persecution should have to die trying to reach safety.”

In June UNHCR released new figures, showing almost 60 million people are now displaced worldwide. That is 8 million more than last year, already the largest number since World War II, and the biggest annual rise we have ever recorded. But these numbers need perspective – 86 per cent of refugees are hosted in developing countries. Just a small fraction are seeking asylum in Europe. Still, many people in Europe are worried about security, the economy, changes to their culture. But to me, there is something very clear that overrides the rest: no person fleeing conflict or persecution should have to die trying to reach safety.

The simple truth is that refugees would not risk their lives on a journey so dangerous if they could thrive where they are. And migrants fleeing grinding poverty would not be on those boats if they could feed themselves and their children. And nobody would resort to the notorious smugglers with their life savings if they could apply to migrate legally.

If the public knew the story of Doaa, they would demand that all refugees and migrants on their shores be rescued.

What if there had been a legal way for Doaa to come to study? What if Masa had been given the legal chance to unite with family members in Northern Europe? What if Bassem had a work permit? Why is there no massive resettlement program for Syrians? And why are the neighboring countries that host four million Syrian refugees getting so little funding for infrastructure and development?

And of course, the root question: Why is so little being done to stop the wars, persecution and poverty driving so many people to flee for the shores of Europe? I believe if the public knew the story of Doaa, they would demand that all refugees and migrants on their shores be rescued, that wars end and borders be opened. They would embrace Doaa, whose heart is not just full of the fear that drove her away from home, but with the hopes and dreams that bind us all as human beings.