Last Updated: Tuesday, 23 May 2023, 12:44 GMT

European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union

To ensure that the law is enforced, understood and uniformly applied in all Member States, a judicial institution is essential. That institution is the Court of Justice of the European Communities. It is composed of three courts: the Court of Justice (created in 1952), the Court of First Instance (created in 1988) and the Civil Service Tribunal (created in 2004). The Court of Justice of the European Communities, together with the national courts, thus constitutes the European Community’s judiciary. The Court’s main task is to interpret Community law uniformly and to rule on its validity. It answers questions referred to it by the national courts, which play a vital role, as they apply Community law at local level. The judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Communities — together with the treaties, regulations, directives and decisions — make up Community law.  Website: curia.europa.eu/en/
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OPINION OF ADVOCATE GENERAL RICHARD DE LA TOUR in Case C‑621/21 (Request for a preliminary ruling from the Administrativen sad Sofia-grad (Administrative Court, Sofia, Bulgaria))

20 April 2023 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Legal Instrument: 2011 Recast Qualification Directive (EU) | Topic(s): Domestic violence - Forced marriage - Non-state agents of persecution - Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) - Social group persecution - Women-at-risk | Countries: Bulgaria - Türkiye

Case C-528/15 Al Chodor

15 March 2017 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Legal Instrument: 1950 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) | Topic(s): Immigration Detention - Right to liberty and security - Transit | Countries: Czech Republic - Greece - Hungary - Iraq - Türkiye

H. T. v Land Baden-Württemberg

24 June 2015 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Expulsion - Kurd - National security / Public order - Refugees - Residence permits / Residency - Terrorism | Countries: Germany - Türkiye

Opinion of Advocate General Sharpston: T. v Land Baden-Württemberg

11 September 2014 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): National security / Public order - Non-refoulement - Refoulement - Regional instruments - Residence permits / Residency | Countries: Germany - Türkiye

Mehmet Arslan v Policie ČR, Krajské ředitelství policie Ústeckého kraje, odbor cizinecké policie (Police Force of the Czech Republic, Regional Police Directorate of the Ústí nad Labem Region, Foreigners Police Section)

30 May 2013 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Countries: Czech Republic - Türkiye

Mehmet Arslan contre Policie CR, Krajské reditelství policie Ústeckého kraje, odbor cizinecké policie (Conclusions de l'Avocat Général M. Melchior Wathelet)

31 January 2013 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Illegal entry - Immigration Detention - Regional instruments | Countries: Czech Republic - Türkiye

Murat Dereci and others v. Bundesministerium für Inneres

15 November 2011 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Residence permits / Residency | Countries: Austria - Türkiye

View of Advocate General Mengozzi: Murat Dereci and others v. Bundesministerium für Inneres

29 September 2011 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Residence permits / Residency | Countries: Austria - Türkiye

Bundesrepublik Deutschland v. B and D

9 November 2010 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations - Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements - Exclusion clauses - Right to seek asylum - Serious non-political crime - Terrorism | Countries: Germany - Türkiye

Generalbundesanwalt beim Bundesgerichtshof v. E and F

29 June 2010 | Judicial Body: European Union: Court of Justice of the European Union | Topic(s): Anti-terrorism law - Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements - Terrorism | Countries: Germany - Türkiye

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