Refworld | Case Law

1951 Refugee Convention 21
1969 OAU Convention 2
Abduction 100
Abuse of psychiatry 1
Access to procedures 93
Acehnese 1
Acholi 1
Acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations 23
Acts of persecution 27
Administrative courts 16
Administrative law 10
Adoption 7
Afars 1
Afro-Colombians 3
Agents of persecution 24
Ahmadis 59
Ahwazi 1
Airports 41
Akan 1
Alawi 4
Albanians 7
Albinism/Persons with Albinism 3
Alevis 8
Aliens 4
Amhara 2
Amish 1
Anti-terrorism law 22
Apartheid 1
Appeal / Right to appeal 312
Arabs 5
Arbitrary arrest and detention 607
Armed forces / Military 85
Armed groups / Militias / Paramilitary forces / Resistance movements 145
Armenian 7
Arrival 31
Ashkaelian 6
Ashraf 5
Assyrians 8
Asylum policy 78
Asylum-migration nexus 3
Asylum-seekers 153
Avars 1
Azeri 4
Baganda 1
Baha'i 5
Bail 27
Bajuni 6
Bantu 1
Banyamulenge 3
Baptist 2
Basques 1
Bedoon 9
Beja 2
Belarusians 2
Bellah 1
Benadiri 2
Benefit of the doubt 11
Berber 3
Berti 2
Bihari 7
Blood feuds 23
Border conflict 1
Border controls 7
Border crossers 2
Bosnian 5
Buddhist 19
Burden of proof 132
Burden-sharing and international co-operation 19
Cabinda 2
Carrier sanctions 5
Catholic 60
Ceasefire 21
Cessation clauses 60
Chakma 3
Chaldean 6
Changes of circumstances in home country 141
Chechen 63
Child labour 1
Child prostitution 2
Child soldiers 19
Children's rights 147
Children-at-risk 83
Chin 2
Chinese 15
Christian 346
Citizenship / Nationality law 61
Civil and political rights 23
Civil rights legislation 1
Civil war 12
Climate change (including environmental migrants) 5
Combatants / Former combatants 63
Communal conflict / Social conflict 2
Complementary forms of protection 221
Confidentiality 10
Conflict resolution 1
Conflict situation 26
Constitutional law 40
Contemporary forms of slavery 9
Convention against Torture (CAT) 109
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) 4
Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) 13
Convention refugee 85
Copts 22
Corruption 28
Country of origin information (COI) 1,135
Coup d'état 10
Credibility assessment 890
Crime prevention 12
Crimes against humanity 341
Crimes against peace 3
Criminal justice 628
Croats 5
Cumulative grounds of persecution 9
Customary law 2
Dalit 2
Darfuri 6
Darod 4
Death in custody 1
Death penalty 62
Death squads 2
Decision on admissibility 101
Demobilization / Disarmament 4
Democracy 6
Denial of nationality 34
Denial of refugee status 420
Deportation / Forcible return 1,727
Dera Sacha Sauda 4
Derivative status 30
Dioula 3
Diplomatic assurances 43
Diplomatic asylum 3
Disappeared persons 47
Discrimination based on race, nationality, ethnicity 225
Domestic violence 114
Drug trafficking 67
EU Qualification Directive 72
Economic, social and cultural rights 37
Effective protection 191
Effective remedy 197
Election law 2
Elections 39
Emergency legislation 2
Emigrants 1
Endorois 1
Entry / Exit 5
Equal opportunities 20
Equality before the law 30
Eritreans 7
Ethiopians 2
Ethnic cleansing 61
Evangelical 13
Evidence (including age and language assessments / medico-legal reports) 954
Exceptional leave to remain (ELR) 52
Exclusion clauses 211
Exhaustion of domestic remedies 72
Expedited procedures 20
Expulsion 340
Extended definition 3
Extradition 150
Extrajudicial executions 26
Extreme poverty 5
False documents 46
Falun Gong 119
Family law 17
Family reunification 92
Female genital mutilation (FGM) 84
Fijians 1
Flight by land, air or sea 12
Forced labour 22
Forced marriage 50
Forced relocation 1
Forced sterilization / Abortion 19
Foreign occupation 1
Freedom from torture, inhuman and degrading treatment 1,102
Freedom of assembly and association 28
Freedom of conscience 24
Freedom of expression 221
Freedom of information 5
Freedom of movement 43
Freedom of religion 68
Freedom of speech 178
Fresh / New claim 73
Fulani 1
Fur 3
Ga 1
Gagauz 1
Gang related violence 23
Gender discrimination 28
Gender-based persecution 80
Generalized violence 11
Genocide 140
Gio 1
Good governance 1
Gross, systematic and large-scale 8
Grounds for persecution 121
HIV and AIDS 67
Habeas corpus 70
Habitual residence 16
Haitians 5
Han 2
Hare Krishna 1
Harmful traditional practices 9
Hazara 42
Hema 2
Hijacking 4
Hindu 38
Hmong 3
Honour killings 27
Housing, land and property rights (HLP) 88
Huang Jiao 1
Hui 1
Human rights activists 40
Human rights and fundamental freedoms 113
Human rights courts 13
Human rights law 15
Human rights monitors 2
Humanitarian assistance 1
Humanitarian protection (including tolerated stay) 10
Hungarians 3
Hutus 11
IDP camps 11
Ibo 4
Iko 1
Illegal entry 139
Illegal immigrants / Undocumented migrants 61
Illegitimate children 12
Immigrants 10
Immigration Detention 357
Immigration control after entry 4
Immigration law 65
Immunity 5
Impunity 5
Inclusion clauses 4
Independence of judiciary 48
Indians 11
Indigenous persons 10
Ingush 3
Integration 1
Internal armed conflict 86
Internal flight alternative (IFA) / Internal relocation alternative (IRA) / Internal protection alternative (IPA) 504
Internally displaced persons (IDPs) 88
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) 3
International Convention on the Rights of Migrant Workers (ICRMW) 1
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) 23
International armed conflict 16
International courts and tribunals 95
International criminal law 34
International humanitarian law (IHL) / Geneva Conventions 77
International protection 22
Involuntary repatriation 37
Iranians 1
Ismaili 1
Issaq 2
Jehovah's Witness 42
Jew 14
Jurisdiction 108
Juvenile justice system 2
Kachin 2
Karen 4
Kasaians 1
Kashmiris 1
Kikuyu 2
Kisii 1
Korani 1
Koreans 7
Kosovar 27
Kurd 151
Kusasi 1
Landmines, unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IEDs) 1
Lari 1
Law of the sea 1
Laws relating to religion 8
Legal representation / Legal aid 88
Lendu 2
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) 275
Livelihoods 8
Lorosae 1
Luo 2
Madhiban 3
Malinke / Mandingo 1
Mandate status 15
Manifestly unfounded / Clearly abusive claims 106
Maronite 1
Massaleit 2
Maternal and child health care 2
Medical screening 2
Mental health 152
Mentally disadvantaged persons 10
Mercenaries 1
Messianic Jews 2
Methodist 2
Midgan 2
Migrant rights 9
Migrants 21
Military courts 7
Military law 7
Military operations 5
Military service / Conscientious objection / Desertion / Draft evasion / Forced conscription 302
Minorities 38
Minority rights 21
Mohajirs 1
Montenegrin 1
Moor 1
Mormon 6
Multiple nationality 41
Muslim 104
National security / Public order 92
Naturalization 28
Ndebele 1
Nepalis 2
Non-refoulement 260
Non-self-governing territories 3
Non-state agents of persecution 662
Nuba 3
Ogaden 1
Older persons 6
One-child policy / Family planning 44
Opposition 64
Orderly return 1
Oromo 17
Orthodox Christian 12
Palestinian 56
Pashtun 12
Passports 94
Peace agreements 7
Peace process 1
Peacekeeping 1
Pentecostal 10
Persecution based on class/wealth/occupation 8
Persecution based on nationality 35
Persecution based on political opinion 1,885
Persecution of family members 249
Persecution on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity 207
Persons not in need of international protection 24
Persons of concern to UNHCR 2
Persons with disabilities 31
Physical harm 2
Police 49
Political asylum 197
Political groups 53
Political parties 208
Political situation 20
Polygamy 3
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 68
Pre-entry procedures 30
Pre-trial detention 62
Presbyterian 1
Prevention of discrimination 3
Prison or detention conditions 163
Prisoners of war 2
Proof of nationality 51
Property restitution 11
Prosecution vs persecution 164
Prostitution / Commercial sex work 28
Protection of camps 1
Protestant 5
Protests / Demonstrations / Riots / Civil unrest 7
Public health 107
Punjabis 5
Quan Yin 1
Racial / Ethnic persecution 598
Racism / Xenophobia / Hate Crimes 3
Re-entry 11
Readmission 1
Reception 60
Referendum 1
Refoulement 217
Refugee / Asylum law 61
Refugee camps 20
Refugee identity documents 1
Refugee seamen 7
Refugee status determination (RSD) / Asylum procedures 112
Refugee travel documents / CTDs 3
Refugees 147
Refugees sur place 13
Regional instruments 122
Registration 16
Reintegration 1
Rejected asylum-seekers 244
Rejection at border 4
Religious discrimination 91
Religious persecution (including forced conversion) 882
Rescue at sea / Interception at sea 7
Resettlement 17
Residence permits / Residency 153
Return conditions 6
Returnees 27
Right to a nationality 29
Right to development 2
Right to education 78
Right to employment 119
Right to family life 500
Right to food 6
Right to health 41
Right to justice 132
Right to liberty and security 263
Right to life 192
Right to registration at birth 10
Right to return 5
Right to seek asylum 21
Right to self-determination 4
Rights of non-citizens 35
Rohingya (Arakanese) 5
Roma 90
Romanians 2
Rule of law / Due process / Procedural fairness 417
Russians 8
Rwandans 5
SGBV 184
Sabean Mandean 3
Safe country of origin 47
Safe third country 246
Saharawis 2
Salafi 3
Samoan 1
Scientologist 1
Secondary movement 1
Security forces 17
Security situation 69
Serb 19
Serious non-political crime 61
Seventh Day Adventist 1
Sexual and reproductive rights 26
Shamanism 1
Shan 2
Sharia law 14
Sheikhal 1
Shia 87
Sikh 36
Sindhis 2
Single heads of household 22
Single procedure 45
Sinhalese 8
Smuggling of persons 15
Social group discrimination 44
Social group persecution 828
Somalis 4
Soyot 1
Spontaneous return 2
Standard of proof 111
State of emergency 3
State protection 391
Statelessness 174
Statelessness Determination Procedures 16
Stowaways 2
Sunni 32
Sur place persecution 67
Survivors of trafficking / Persons at risk of trafficking 10
Suspensive effect 29
Tajik 10
Tamil 226
Taoist 3
Tatars 1
Temporary admission 35
Temporary protection 17
Terrorism 262
Threats / Intimidation 26
Tibetan 10
Tigreans 2
Torture 46
Trafficking in persons 65
Transgression of social / cultural norms 45
Transit 2
Transitional justice (including amnesty laws) 6
Travel documents 44
Treaties / Agreements / Charters / Protocols / Conventions / Declarations 35
Tuni Torre 1
Turkmen 1
Tutsis 109
UNHCR mandate 15
Uighur 14
Unaccompanied / Separated children 93
Unification Church 1
Unlawful departure 70
Urban refugees 3
Uzbek 11
Visas 248
Voluntary repatriation 11
War crimes 132
Wayuú 1
Well-founded fear of persecution 401
Widowed persons 3
Witchcraft 1
Withdrawal of nationality 24
Witnesses 107
Women's rights 18
Women-at-risk 170
Work permits 27
Yazīdī 4
Yibir 2
Yoruba 5
Zoroastrian 4
Zulus 1

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